| Peer-Reviewed

Evaluation of Anti-Cancer Properties of Lichens Using Albino wistar Rats as an Animal Model

Received: 20 October 2016     Accepted: 4 November 2016     Published: 29 November 2016
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Studies were undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of purified lichen extracts against cancer induced Albino wistar rats as an animal model under in vivo condition. Lichen species were collected from different mean sea level of Yercaud hills of Tamil Nadu, India. Extraction and purification of lichen compounds were done using silica gel column chromatography with TLC analysis. Different fractions were collected from the crude extract and it was subjected to study the potential of anticancerous property. Anticancer activity was confirmed that Parmotrema reticulatum exhibited the highest control over the cervical cancer in cell line model. The compound Benzoic acid, 2, 4 dihydroxy, 6 methyl-methyl ester was identified as a potent molecule from Rocella montagnei. Anticancer effect of P. reticulatum and P. hababianum and their compounds were further evaluated to have the effective cancer drug against cervical cancer disease. Cancer cell line induced rats showing a significant reduction tumor proliferation which were treated with bioactive anti-cancer lichen compounds in comparison with the standard drug. Histopathology and hematology studies have been done to examine to confirm the level of tumor growth in the animals and to analyze the blood platelet count in tumors; respectively.

Published in Cancer Research Journal (Volume 4, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.crj.20160406.11
Page(s) 84-89
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cancer, Lichens, Parmotrema Reticulatum, Rocella Montagnei, Animal Model

References
[1] WHO, (2014). Global Status Report on Road Safety: Time for Action. World Health Organization, Geneva, ISBN: 978-92-4-156384-0.
[2] Kim, M., Murakami, A., Miyamoto, S., Tanaka, T. & Ohigashi, H. (2010). The modifying effects of green tea polyphenols on acute colitis and inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis in male ICR mice. Biofactors, 36, 43-51.
[3] Gordon, M. C. & Newman, D. J. (2001). Natural product drug discovery in the next millennium. Pharmacy and Biology, 39, 8–17.
[4] Premalatha, B. & Rajgopal, G. (2005). Cancer–an ayurvedic perspective. Pharmacological Research, 51, 19–30.
[5] Cordeiro, C. C., Chen, J. B., Wang, S. L. & Elix, J. A. (2004). Culture studies and secondary compounds of six Ramalina species. Mycological Research, 108, 489-97.
[6] Deepa, P., Murugesh, S. & Arivukkarasu, R. (2014). HPTLC analysis of Dolichandrone atrovirens (Sprague) plant bark. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 3, 1019-1029.
[7] Kavimani, S., Saminathan, K. & Senthil Kumar, R. (2014). Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Dolichandrone atrovirens using various in vitro assay models. International Journal of Phytopharmacology, 5, 293-300.
[8] Guruswamy, S. & Rao, C. V. (2008). Multi-target approaches in colon cancer chemoprevention based on systems biology of tumor cell-signaling. Gene Regulation and System Biology, 2, 163-176.
[9] Spiridon, K. E. (2006). Terrestrial plant-derived anticancer agents and plants used in anticancer research. Critical Review of Plant Science 25, 79–113.
[10] Walker, F. J. & James, P. W. (1980). A revised guide to microchemical techniques for the identification of lichen substances. Bulletin British Lichenological Society, 46, 13-29.
[11] Culberson, C. F. (1972). Improved conditions and new data for the identification of lichen products by a standardized thin-layer chromatographic method. Journal of Chromatography, 72, 113–125.
[12] Yoshimura, I., Kurokawa, T., Kinoshita, Y., Yamamoto, Y. & Miyawaki, H. (1994). Lichen substances in cultured lichens. Journal of Hattori. Botany Laboratory, 76, 249-261.
[13] Sun, Y., Zhou, X., Liu, J., Bau, K., Zhang, G., Tu, G., Kieser, T. & Deng, Z. (2002). Streptomyces nanchangensis, a producer of the insecticidal, polyethane antbiotic nanchangmycin and antioarasitic macrolide meilingmycin, contains multiple polyketide gene clusters. Microbiology, 148, 361-371.
[14] Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65, 55–63.
[15] Saravanan, G. & Ponmurugan, P. (2013). Animal Studies: Experimental Procedures. Oxford Publishers, UK.
[16] Natarajan, P. & Arunpandian, R. (2015). Evaluation of anti-cancer activity Dolichandrone atrovirens in experimental induced animal model. Indo American Journal of Pharmacy Research, 5, 07-09.
[17] Kumar, K. B. H. & Kuttan, R. (2005). Chemoprotective activity of an extractor Phyllanthus amarus against cyclo phosphamide induced toxicity in mice. Phytomedicine, 12, 494–500.
[18] Rankovic, B., Kosanic, M., Stanojkovic, T., Vasiljevic, P. & Manojlovic, N. (2012). Biological activities of Toninia candida and Usnea barbata together with their norstictic acid and usnic acid constituents. International Journal of Molecular Science, 13, 14707–14722.
[19] Kosanic, M, Rankovic, B. & Stanojkovic, T. (2012). Antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activity of 3 Umbilicaria species. Journal of Food Science, 77, 20–25.
[20] Thanh, T., Somy, Y., Ho-Bin, L., Soonok, O., Min-Hye, J., Jong-Jin, K., Sung-Tae, Y., Florin, C., Cheol, M., Kwang, Y. L., Kyung, K., Jae-Seoun, H. & Hangun, K. (2014). Cancer effects on human cancer cells through the induction of apoptosis and suppression of tumorigenic potentials. PLoS One, 9 (10), 121-26.
[21] Song, Y, Dai, F, Zhai, D, Dong Y, & Zhang, J. (2012). Usnic acid inhibits breast tumor angiogenesis and growth by suppressing VEGFR2 - mediated AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Angiogenesis, 15, 421–432.
[22] Monica, C., Tamiris, A., Thiago, D., Marinaldo, P., Noemia, P., Teresinha, G., Francisco, C., Aguiar, J., Emerson, P., Eugenia, C. P. & Nicacio, H. (2016). In vitro and in vivo antineoplastic activity of barbatic acid. International Medical Society, 9 (63), 21-25.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Shanmugam Poornima, Ponnusamy Ponmurugan, Khader Syed Zameer Ahmed, Ganesan Ayyappadasan, Fahad Khalid Aldhafiri, et al. (2016). Evaluation of Anti-Cancer Properties of Lichens Using Albino wistar Rats as an Animal Model. Cancer Research Journal, 4(6), 84-89. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20160406.11

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Shanmugam Poornima; Ponnusamy Ponmurugan; Khader Syed Zameer Ahmed; Ganesan Ayyappadasan; Fahad Khalid Aldhafiri, et al. Evaluation of Anti-Cancer Properties of Lichens Using Albino wistar Rats as an Animal Model. Cancer Res. J. 2016, 4(6), 84-89. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.20160406.11

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Shanmugam Poornima, Ponnusamy Ponmurugan, Khader Syed Zameer Ahmed, Ganesan Ayyappadasan, Fahad Khalid Aldhafiri, et al. Evaluation of Anti-Cancer Properties of Lichens Using Albino wistar Rats as an Animal Model. Cancer Res J. 2016;4(6):84-89. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.20160406.11

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.crj.20160406.11,
      author = {Shanmugam Poornima and Ponnusamy Ponmurugan and Khader Syed Zameer Ahmed and Ganesan Ayyappadasan and Fahad Khalid Aldhafiri and Balakrishnan Santhanaraj},
      title = {Evaluation of Anti-Cancer Properties of Lichens Using Albino wistar Rats as an Animal Model},
      journal = {Cancer Research Journal},
      volume = {4},
      number = {6},
      pages = {84-89},
      doi = {10.11648/j.crj.20160406.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20160406.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.crj.20160406.11},
      abstract = {Studies were undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of purified lichen extracts against cancer induced Albino wistar rats as an animal model under in vivo condition. Lichen species were collected from different mean sea level of Yercaud hills of Tamil Nadu, India. Extraction and purification of lichen compounds were done using silica gel column chromatography with TLC analysis. Different fractions were collected from the crude extract and it was subjected to study the potential of anticancerous property. Anticancer activity was confirmed that Parmotrema reticulatum exhibited the highest control over the cervical cancer in cell line model. The compound Benzoic acid, 2, 4 dihydroxy, 6 methyl-methyl ester was identified as a potent molecule from Rocella montagnei. Anticancer effect of P. reticulatum and P. hababianum and their compounds were further evaluated to have the effective cancer drug against cervical cancer disease. Cancer cell line induced rats showing a significant reduction tumor proliferation which were treated with bioactive anti-cancer lichen compounds in comparison with the standard drug. Histopathology and hematology studies have been done to examine to confirm the level of tumor growth in the animals and to analyze the blood platelet count in tumors; respectively.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Evaluation of Anti-Cancer Properties of Lichens Using Albino wistar Rats as an Animal Model
    AU  - Shanmugam Poornima
    AU  - Ponnusamy Ponmurugan
    AU  - Khader Syed Zameer Ahmed
    AU  - Ganesan Ayyappadasan
    AU  - Fahad Khalid Aldhafiri
    AU  - Balakrishnan Santhanaraj
    Y1  - 2016/11/29
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20160406.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.crj.20160406.11
    T2  - Cancer Research Journal
    JF  - Cancer Research Journal
    JO  - Cancer Research Journal
    SP  - 84
    EP  - 89
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8214
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20160406.11
    AB  - Studies were undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of purified lichen extracts against cancer induced Albino wistar rats as an animal model under in vivo condition. Lichen species were collected from different mean sea level of Yercaud hills of Tamil Nadu, India. Extraction and purification of lichen compounds were done using silica gel column chromatography with TLC analysis. Different fractions were collected from the crude extract and it was subjected to study the potential of anticancerous property. Anticancer activity was confirmed that Parmotrema reticulatum exhibited the highest control over the cervical cancer in cell line model. The compound Benzoic acid, 2, 4 dihydroxy, 6 methyl-methyl ester was identified as a potent molecule from Rocella montagnei. Anticancer effect of P. reticulatum and P. hababianum and their compounds were further evaluated to have the effective cancer drug against cervical cancer disease. Cancer cell line induced rats showing a significant reduction tumor proliferation which were treated with bioactive anti-cancer lichen compounds in comparison with the standard drug. Histopathology and hematology studies have been done to examine to confirm the level of tumor growth in the animals and to analyze the blood platelet count in tumors; respectively.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Biotechnology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, India

  • Department of Biotechnology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, India

  • Department of Biotechnology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, India

  • Department of Biotechnology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, India

  • College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

  • College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

  • Sections