Research on the Vulnerability of China-Europe Railway Express Network

Wang Nana; Gao Xinxin; Wang Xueqing

doi:doi:10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13

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Research on the Vulnerability of China-Europe Railway Express Network

Wang Nana, Gao Xinxin, Wang Xueqing

Received: 16 May 2022 Accepted: Published: 19 May 2022

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Abstract

In order to study the vulnerability of the European express train transport network, statistics were made on the countries and cities along the route. The two methods of intentional attack are to study the changes of the network characteristic values, such as the average degree of the network, the proportion of isolated nodes, the average path length, and the network efficiency. Under the deliberate attack, the node average degree, aggregation coefficient, network efficiency, and average path length of the China-Europe train network decrease rapidly with the increase of the attack ratio and decrease to 0. Under random attack, the average node degree, network efficiency, and average path length of the network show a slow decreasing trend with the increase of the attack ratio, and the aggregation coefficient increases slowly and then decreases. The isolated node is no longer connected to other nodes under the deliberate attack and random attack, so the attacked node is the isolated point, which increases the cardinality of the isolated node. The research shows that the China Railway Express network is relatively strong when subjected to random attacks, and relatively vulnerable when subjected to deliberate attacks. At the same time, it is found that some nodes in the China Railway Express play an important role in the connectivity of the network.

DOI	10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13
Published in	Mathematics and Computer Science (Volume 7, Issue 3, May 2022)
Page(s)	48-52
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

China-Europe Railway Express, Complex Networks, Vulnerability, Connectivity, Damage Resistance

References

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APA Style

Wang Nana, Gao Xinxin, Wang Xueqing. (2022). Research on the Vulnerability of China-Europe Railway Express Network. Mathematics and Computer Science, 7(3), 48-52. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13

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ACS Style

Wang Nana; Gao Xinxin; Wang Xueqing. Research on the Vulnerability of China-Europe Railway Express Network. Math. Comput. Sci. 2022, 7(3), 48-52. doi: 10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13

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AMA Style

Wang Nana, Gao Xinxin, Wang Xueqing. Research on the Vulnerability of China-Europe Railway Express Network. Math Comput Sci. 2022;7(3):48-52. doi: 10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13

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@article{10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13,
  author = {Wang Nana and Gao Xinxin and Wang Xueqing},
  title = {Research on the Vulnerability of China-Europe Railway Express Network},
  journal = {Mathematics and Computer Science},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {48-52},
  doi = {10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mcs.20220703.13},
  abstract = {In order to study the vulnerability of the European express train transport network, statistics were made on the countries and cities along the route. The two methods of intentional attack are to study the changes of the network characteristic values, such as the average degree of the network, the proportion of isolated nodes, the average path length, and the network efficiency. Under the deliberate attack, the node average degree, aggregation coefficient, network efficiency, and average path length of the China-Europe train network decrease rapidly with the increase of the attack ratio and decrease to 0. Under random attack, the average node degree, network efficiency, and average path length of the network show a slow decreasing trend with the increase of the attack ratio, and the aggregation coefficient increases slowly and then decreases. The isolated node is no longer connected to other nodes under the deliberate attack and random attack, so the attacked node is the isolated point, which increases the cardinality of the isolated node. The research shows that the China Railway Express network is relatively strong when subjected to random attacks, and relatively vulnerable when subjected to deliberate attacks. At the same time, it is found that some nodes in the China Railway Express play an important role in the connectivity of the network.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Research on the Vulnerability of China-Europe Railway Express Network
AU  - Wang Nana
AU  - Gao Xinxin
AU  - Wang Xueqing
Y1  - 2022/05/19
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13
T2  - Mathematics and Computer Science
JF  - Mathematics and Computer Science
JO  - Mathematics and Computer Science
SP  - 48
EP  - 52
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-6028
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13
AB  - In order to study the vulnerability of the European express train transport network, statistics were made on the countries and cities along the route. The two methods of intentional attack are to study the changes of the network characteristic values, such as the average degree of the network, the proportion of isolated nodes, the average path length, and the network efficiency. Under the deliberate attack, the node average degree, aggregation coefficient, network efficiency, and average path length of the China-Europe train network decrease rapidly with the increase of the attack ratio and decrease to 0. Under random attack, the average node degree, network efficiency, and average path length of the network show a slow decreasing trend with the increase of the attack ratio, and the aggregation coefficient increases slowly and then decreases. The isolated node is no longer connected to other nodes under the deliberate attack and random attack, so the attacked node is the isolated point, which increases the cardinality of the isolated node. The research shows that the China Railway Express network is relatively strong when subjected to random attacks, and relatively vulnerable when subjected to deliberate attacks. At the same time, it is found that some nodes in the China Railway Express play an important role in the connectivity of the network.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Wang Nana

School of Liberal Studies, Liaoning University of International Business and Economics, Dalian, China
Gao Xinxin

School of Liberal Studies, Liaoning University of International Business and Economics, Dalian, China
Wang Xueqing

School of Liberal Studies, Liaoning University of International Business and Economics, Dalian, China

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Wang Nana, Gao Xinxin, Wang Xueqing. (2022). Research on the Vulnerability of China-Europe Railway Express Network. Mathematics and Computer Science, 7(3), 48-52. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13

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ACS Style

Wang Nana; Gao Xinxin; Wang Xueqing. Research on the Vulnerability of China-Europe Railway Express Network. Math. Comput. Sci. 2022, 7(3), 48-52. doi: 10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Wang Nana, Gao Xinxin, Wang Xueqing. Research on the Vulnerability of China-Europe Railway Express Network. Math Comput Sci. 2022;7(3):48-52. doi: 10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13

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@article{10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13,
  author = {Wang Nana and Gao Xinxin and Wang Xueqing},
  title = {Research on the Vulnerability of China-Europe Railway Express Network},
  journal = {Mathematics and Computer Science},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {48-52},
  doi = {10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mcs.20220703.13},
  abstract = {In order to study the vulnerability of the European express train transport network, statistics were made on the countries and cities along the route. The two methods of intentional attack are to study the changes of the network characteristic values, such as the average degree of the network, the proportion of isolated nodes, the average path length, and the network efficiency. Under the deliberate attack, the node average degree, aggregation coefficient, network efficiency, and average path length of the China-Europe train network decrease rapidly with the increase of the attack ratio and decrease to 0. Under random attack, the average node degree, network efficiency, and average path length of the network show a slow decreasing trend with the increase of the attack ratio, and the aggregation coefficient increases slowly and then decreases. The isolated node is no longer connected to other nodes under the deliberate attack and random attack, so the attacked node is the isolated point, which increases the cardinality of the isolated node. The research shows that the China Railway Express network is relatively strong when subjected to random attacks, and relatively vulnerable when subjected to deliberate attacks. At the same time, it is found that some nodes in the China Railway Express play an important role in the connectivity of the network.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Research on the Vulnerability of China-Europe Railway Express Network
AU  - Wang Nana
AU  - Gao Xinxin
AU  - Wang Xueqing
Y1  - 2022/05/19
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13
T2  - Mathematics and Computer Science
JF  - Mathematics and Computer Science
JO  - Mathematics and Computer Science
SP  - 48
EP  - 52
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-6028
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mcs.20220703.13
AB  - In order to study the vulnerability of the European express train transport network, statistics were made on the countries and cities along the route. The two methods of intentional attack are to study the changes of the network characteristic values, such as the average degree of the network, the proportion of isolated nodes, the average path length, and the network efficiency. Under the deliberate attack, the node average degree, aggregation coefficient, network efficiency, and average path length of the China-Europe train network decrease rapidly with the increase of the attack ratio and decrease to 0. Under random attack, the average node degree, network efficiency, and average path length of the network show a slow decreasing trend with the increase of the attack ratio, and the aggregation coefficient increases slowly and then decreases. The isolated node is no longer connected to other nodes under the deliberate attack and random attack, so the attacked node is the isolated point, which increases the cardinality of the isolated node. The research shows that the China Railway Express network is relatively strong when subjected to random attacks, and relatively vulnerable when subjected to deliberate attacks. At the same time, it is found that some nodes in the China Railway Express play an important role in the connectivity of the network.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download