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Diagnosis of the Availability of Groundwater Resources for Off-season Irrigation on the Pic of Sindou Rice Perimeter in Burkina Faso
Bama Nati Aïssata Delphine,
Barké Guida Habiba,
Koita Mahamadou,
Niang Dial,
Yacouba Hamma
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
60-64
Received:
13 March 2020
Accepted:
31 March 2020
Published:
14 April 2020
Abstract: In Burkina Faso, more precisely, in the Cascades region, on the Pic of Sindou rice perimeter, producers made dike to channel water from overflow springs for off-season irrigation. However, this perimeter like most of the developed areas in the country is subject to the scarcity of water resources to carry out off-season activities. The objective of this study was therefore to analyze the problem of water on the Pic of Sindou rice perimeter in order to propose solutions to overcome the lack of water. The estimation of the volume of water taken from the aquifer, through the springs for off-season irrigation was made using the volumetric method and surveys of 200 producers on their method of managing irrigation during February-July 2019. Gross irrigation water requirements were determined using climatic data from the Karfiguela station. And, the method of the water table fluctuation from 2016 to 2019 is used to estimate the variation of the groundwater stock. Gross irrigation water requirements are currently satisfied at 8.3%, hence the inability of the four springs to cover production on the 260 hectare developed. The diagnosis also revealed that approximately 20% of the volume of water transported in the channels evaporates or infiltrates into the soil; 15% of spring water is not channeled and 18% is lost during off hours. However, the analysis of the variation of the groundwater stock revealed the existence of a groundwater reserve which can be mobilized by catchment works to satisfy the water deficit currently on the perimeter and even cover the extension of the perimeter to 300 hectare of available area.
Abstract: In Burkina Faso, more precisely, in the Cascades region, on the Pic of Sindou rice perimeter, producers made dike to channel water from overflow springs for off-season irrigation. However, this perimeter like most of the developed areas in the country is subject to the scarcity of water resources to carry out off-season activities. The objective of...
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Quantification of Groundwater Resources using Water Table Fluctuation Method in Tirupati Division, Andhra Pradesh State, India
Shanmukha Srinivas Gorantla,
Yaswanth Kumar Yadiki,
Jyothi Pandla
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
65-69
Received:
12 April 2020
Accepted:
24 April 2020
Published:
15 May 2020
Abstract: The weathered and fractured zones of hard rock formations constitute the potential aquifers for groundwater development. In India it has been the practice from historical times, to utilize groundwater for either domestic or agricultural purposes mostly through large diameter open wells piercing the shallow weathered portions. There has been an accelerated usage of groundwater during recent times, particularly during the ‘Green Revolution’. Due to the advent of modern techniques, simplicity in the construction of bore wells and viability to reach deeper fractured aquifers, the practice of construction of open-dug wells has almost been replaced by drilling of bore wells. The advantage of quick drilling techniques has encouraged many a user to drill to greater depths in the hope of getting higher yields. The net result of indiscriminate drilling is decline of water levels to alarming levels, which results in decrease in well yields and groundwater quality deterioration. It is in this context that an analysis of well yields, variations in static water levels, total depths in these wells of Tirupati revenue division is attempted to understand the well behavior because of the influx of floating as well as resident population is enormously increasing, thereby creating more demand for groundwater. The knowledge about the well yields and characteristics is considered imperative for effective planning and management of groundwater resources in this area. Considering the economic viability, various measures are suggested.
Abstract: The weathered and fractured zones of hard rock formations constitute the potential aquifers for groundwater development. In India it has been the practice from historical times, to utilize groundwater for either domestic or agricultural purposes mostly through large diameter open wells piercing the shallow weathered portions. There has been an acce...
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Comparative Study of Rice Yield Production for Conventional Paddy Rice and Systems of Rice Intensification
Gideon Too,
Julius Kipkemboi Kollongei,
Japheth Ogalo Onyando,
Emmanuel Chessum Kipkorir
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
70-75
Received:
20 April 2020
Accepted:
8 May 2020
Published:
29 May 2020
Abstract: Food security in Kenya is at stake due to decline in farm productivity with a combination of an ever increasing population and worsened by global warming. Improvement of agricultural productivity may not be realized soon as rice farmers currently uses traditional method of flooding rice which has been reported to yield low rice. There is need for a deliberate use of new agricultural technologies that improves productivity of rice farming. System of Rice intensification (SRI) provides an opportunity of yield improvements in rice production. This study was undertaken in Ahero Irrigation Scheme to compare yield production of conventional and SRI rice production for IR 2793-80-1 cultivar. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. SRI experiments recorded higher number of effective tillers with experiment having a spacing of 20cm by 20cm and transplanted at 8-11 days gave 321 per m2 as compared to 226 effective tillers/m2. Seed yield/plant was highly significant in SRI (39.61 g) as compared to a traditional paddy system (17.32 g). Transplanting rice seedling at the age of 8 to 11 days and at 20cm by 20cm spacing recorded highest seed yield/ha of 4.7 t/ha as compared to traditional flooding which recorded 2.7 t/ha. These results imply that planting young rice seedlings improves grain yield because of increase in number of tillers per square meters, plant height and better plant rooting ability.
Abstract: Food security in Kenya is at stake due to decline in farm productivity with a combination of an ever increasing population and worsened by global warming. Improvement of agricultural productivity may not be realized soon as rice farmers currently uses traditional method of flooding rice which has been reported to yield low rice. There is need for a...
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Attention to Environmental Protection of Small Hydro-power Stations
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
76-80
Received:
16 October 2018
Accepted:
14 November 2018
Published:
15 June 2020
Abstract: In this paper, some problems commonly encountered in the construction and production process of small hydro-power stations in China are analyzed and explained, and the solutions are provided as well. Existing problems we have are the shortage of Eco-flow discharge, the Oil pollution in downstream river course caused by power generation production at the station, the cooling water supply of hydro-power station and the problem of eliminating pollution, electromagnetic and noise pollution of station, the resident's dispute around the power station caused by the increase and decrease of the groundwater level at the location of the station, the flood control problem of the water diversion hub, the pollution of the river channel, and the danger caused by the height of trees under the transmission line. The author, who based on many years of practical experience in hydro-power stations, and combined with relevant state policies and regulations, and puts forward practical methods and ideas to solve the problem in close connection with the actual situation of the project.
Abstract: In this paper, some problems commonly encountered in the construction and production process of small hydro-power stations in China are analyzed and explained, and the solutions are provided as well. Existing problems we have are the shortage of Eco-flow discharge, the Oil pollution in downstream river course caused by power generation production a...
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