Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC)

Ukpong Anwana Abel; Gumus Rhoda Habor; Oboh Innocent Oseribho

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11

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Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC)

Ukpong Anwana Abel, Gumus Rhoda Habor, Oboh Innocent Oseribho

Published in American Journal of Chemical Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 25 March 2020 Accepted: 9 April 2020 Published: 23 April 2020

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Abstract

The adsorption of crude oil from water by using Potassium hydroxide (KOH) prepared from coconut coir activated carbon CCAC_KOH was investigated by batch adsorption under varying parameters such as adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial oil concentration, temperature and agitation speed. The morphological modification significantly increased the hydrophobicity of the adsorbent, thus creating a CCAC with a much better adsorption capacity for crude oil removal having a maximum adsorption capacity of 4859.5 mg/g at 304 K as evidently proven by FTIR and SEM analysis. The experimental results showed that the percentage of crude oil removal increased with an increase in adsorbent dosage, contact time and decrease in initial oil concentration. The experimental isotherm data were analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Toth, Sip and Redlich-Peterson isotherm equations and the best fitted isotherm model was Freundlich model with a high correlation coefficient (R² = 0.999). The kinetic data were properly fitted into various kinetic models with Pseudo-second order model showing best fit having a correlation coefficient (R² = 0.999) and Boyd model revealed that the adsorption was controlled by internal transport mechanism and film-diffusion was the major mode of adsorption. The crude oil adsorption was chemisorption and endothermic in nature (ΔH° = 134 KJ/mol.K) and the positive value of entropy (ΔS° = 0.517 KJ/mol.K) showed an increase in disorder and randomness at the adsorbent-adsorbate interface during the adsorption of crude oil from water. The decrease in Gibbs energy (ΔG°) with increasing temperature indicated an increase in the feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption at higher temperatures. The prepared adsorbent showed significant capability to be used as a low-cost, re-generable and eco-friendly adsorbent in oil spill clean-up.

Published in	American Journal of Chemical Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11
Page(s)	36-47
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Coconut Coir Activated Carbon, Adsorbent, Hydrophobicity, Oleophilicity, Adsorption Capacity, % Removal of Crude Oil, Adsorption Studies, Chemical Activation.

References

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APA Style

Ukpong Anwana Abel, Gumus Rhoda Habor, Oboh Innocent Oseribho. (2020). Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC). American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 8(2), 36-47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11

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ACS Style

Ukpong Anwana Abel; Gumus Rhoda Habor; Oboh Innocent Oseribho. Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC). Am. J. Chem. Eng. 2020, 8(2), 36-47. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11

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AMA Style

Ukpong Anwana Abel, Gumus Rhoda Habor, Oboh Innocent Oseribho. Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC). Am J Chem Eng. 2020;8(2):36-47. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11,
  author = {Ukpong Anwana Abel and Gumus Rhoda Habor and Oboh Innocent Oseribho},
  title = {Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC)},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {36-47},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajche.20200802.11},
  abstract = {The adsorption of crude oil from water by using Potassium hydroxide (KOH) prepared from coconut coir activated carbon CCACKOH was investigated by batch adsorption under varying parameters such as adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial oil concentration, temperature and agitation speed. The morphological modification significantly increased the hydrophobicity of the adsorbent, thus creating a CCAC with a much better adsorption capacity for crude oil removal having a maximum adsorption capacity of 4859.5 mg/g at 304 K as evidently proven by FTIR and SEM analysis. The experimental results showed that the percentage of crude oil removal increased with an increase in adsorbent dosage, contact time and decrease in initial oil concentration. The experimental isotherm data were analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Toth, Sip and Redlich-Peterson isotherm equations and the best fitted isotherm model was Freundlich model with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999). The kinetic data were properly fitted into various kinetic models with Pseudo-second order model showing best fit having a correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999) and Boyd model revealed that the adsorption was controlled by internal transport mechanism and film-diffusion was the major mode of adsorption. The crude oil adsorption was chemisorption and endothermic in nature (ΔH° = 134 KJ/mol.K) and the positive value of entropy (ΔS° = 0.517 KJ/mol.K) showed an increase in disorder and randomness at the adsorbent-adsorbate interface during the adsorption of crude oil from water. The decrease in Gibbs energy (ΔG°) with increasing temperature indicated an increase in the feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption at higher temperatures. The prepared adsorbent showed significant capability to be used as a low-cost, re-generable and eco-friendly adsorbent in oil spill clean-up.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC)
AU  - Ukpong Anwana Abel
AU  - Gumus Rhoda Habor
AU  - Oboh Innocent Oseribho
Y1  - 2020/04/23
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11
T2  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
SP  - 36
EP  - 47
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8613
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11
AB  - The adsorption of crude oil from water by using Potassium hydroxide (KOH) prepared from coconut coir activated carbon CCACKOH was investigated by batch adsorption under varying parameters such as adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial oil concentration, temperature and agitation speed. The morphological modification significantly increased the hydrophobicity of the adsorbent, thus creating a CCAC with a much better adsorption capacity for crude oil removal having a maximum adsorption capacity of 4859.5 mg/g at 304 K as evidently proven by FTIR and SEM analysis. The experimental results showed that the percentage of crude oil removal increased with an increase in adsorbent dosage, contact time and decrease in initial oil concentration. The experimental isotherm data were analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Toth, Sip and Redlich-Peterson isotherm equations and the best fitted isotherm model was Freundlich model with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999). The kinetic data were properly fitted into various kinetic models with Pseudo-second order model showing best fit having a correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999) and Boyd model revealed that the adsorption was controlled by internal transport mechanism and film-diffusion was the major mode of adsorption. The crude oil adsorption was chemisorption and endothermic in nature (ΔH° = 134 KJ/mol.K) and the positive value of entropy (ΔS° = 0.517 KJ/mol.K) showed an increase in disorder and randomness at the adsorbent-adsorbate interface during the adsorption of crude oil from water. The decrease in Gibbs energy (ΔG°) with increasing temperature indicated an increase in the feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption at higher temperatures. The prepared adsorbent showed significant capability to be used as a low-cost, re-generable and eco-friendly adsorbent in oil spill clean-up.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Ukpong Anwana Abel

Department of Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin L.G.A, Nigeria
Gumus Rhoda Habor

Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wiberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Oboh Innocent Oseribho

Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria

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Ukpong Anwana Abel, Gumus Rhoda Habor, Oboh Innocent Oseribho. (2020). Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC). American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 8(2), 36-47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11

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ACS Style

Ukpong Anwana Abel; Gumus Rhoda Habor; Oboh Innocent Oseribho. Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC). Am. J. Chem. Eng. 2020, 8(2), 36-47. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11

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AMA Style

Ukpong Anwana Abel, Gumus Rhoda Habor, Oboh Innocent Oseribho. Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC). Am J Chem Eng. 2020;8(2):36-47. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11,
  author = {Ukpong Anwana Abel and Gumus Rhoda Habor and Oboh Innocent Oseribho},
  title = {Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC)},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {36-47},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajche.20200802.11},
  abstract = {The adsorption of crude oil from water by using Potassium hydroxide (KOH) prepared from coconut coir activated carbon CCACKOH was investigated by batch adsorption under varying parameters such as adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial oil concentration, temperature and agitation speed. The morphological modification significantly increased the hydrophobicity of the adsorbent, thus creating a CCAC with a much better adsorption capacity for crude oil removal having a maximum adsorption capacity of 4859.5 mg/g at 304 K as evidently proven by FTIR and SEM analysis. The experimental results showed that the percentage of crude oil removal increased with an increase in adsorbent dosage, contact time and decrease in initial oil concentration. The experimental isotherm data were analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Toth, Sip and Redlich-Peterson isotherm equations and the best fitted isotherm model was Freundlich model with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999). The kinetic data were properly fitted into various kinetic models with Pseudo-second order model showing best fit having a correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999) and Boyd model revealed that the adsorption was controlled by internal transport mechanism and film-diffusion was the major mode of adsorption. The crude oil adsorption was chemisorption and endothermic in nature (ΔH° = 134 KJ/mol.K) and the positive value of entropy (ΔS° = 0.517 KJ/mol.K) showed an increase in disorder and randomness at the adsorbent-adsorbate interface during the adsorption of crude oil from water. The decrease in Gibbs energy (ΔG°) with increasing temperature indicated an increase in the feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption at higher temperatures. The prepared adsorbent showed significant capability to be used as a low-cost, re-generable and eco-friendly adsorbent in oil spill clean-up.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC)
AU  - Ukpong Anwana Abel
AU  - Gumus Rhoda Habor
AU  - Oboh Innocent Oseribho
Y1  - 2020/04/23
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11
T2  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
SP  - 36
EP  - 47
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8613
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20200802.11
AB  - The adsorption of crude oil from water by using Potassium hydroxide (KOH) prepared from coconut coir activated carbon CCACKOH was investigated by batch adsorption under varying parameters such as adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial oil concentration, temperature and agitation speed. The morphological modification significantly increased the hydrophobicity of the adsorbent, thus creating a CCAC with a much better adsorption capacity for crude oil removal having a maximum adsorption capacity of 4859.5 mg/g at 304 K as evidently proven by FTIR and SEM analysis. The experimental results showed that the percentage of crude oil removal increased with an increase in adsorbent dosage, contact time and decrease in initial oil concentration. The experimental isotherm data were analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Toth, Sip and Redlich-Peterson isotherm equations and the best fitted isotherm model was Freundlich model with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999). The kinetic data were properly fitted into various kinetic models with Pseudo-second order model showing best fit having a correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999) and Boyd model revealed that the adsorption was controlled by internal transport mechanism and film-diffusion was the major mode of adsorption. The crude oil adsorption was chemisorption and endothermic in nature (ΔH° = 134 KJ/mol.K) and the positive value of entropy (ΔS° = 0.517 KJ/mol.K) showed an increase in disorder and randomness at the adsorbent-adsorbate interface during the adsorption of crude oil from water. The decrease in Gibbs energy (ΔG°) with increasing temperature indicated an increase in the feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption at higher temperatures. The prepared adsorbent showed significant capability to be used as a low-cost, re-generable and eco-friendly adsorbent in oil spill clean-up.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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