Clinical and Aetiological Aspects of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hellp Syndrome in the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Centre for Mother and Child (CHU-MEL)

Zossoungbo Giovanna; Akodjenou Joseph; Adjofoguè Armel; Vigan Jacques; Zoumènou Eugene

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18

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Clinical and Aetiological Aspects of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hellp Syndrome in the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Centre for Mother and Child (CHU-MEL)

Zossoungbo Giovanna^*

, Akodjenou Joseph, Adjofoguè Armel, Vigan Jacques, Zoumènou Eugene

Published in International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine (Volume 13, Issue 1)

Received: 14 May 2025 Accepted: 3 June 2025 Published: 25 June 2025

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Abstract

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in pregnancy encompasses all causes of acute renal impairment occurring between conception and delivery. HELLP Syndrome represents a severe form of pre-eclampsia that predisposes pregnant individuals to AKI. Objective: To examine the clinical and aetiological aspects of AKI in HELLP Syndrome among patients admitted to the obstetric intensive care unit of CHU-MEL in Cotonou from May 2018 to June 2023. Method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted over five years at CHU-MEL, Cotonou, involving patients diagnosed with HELLP Syndrome. AKI was identified based on ACOG criteria, with staging determined according to the KDIGO classification. Results: A total of 51 patient records with HELLP Syndrome and associated AKI were included in the study. The prevalence of AKI among HELLP Syndrome patients was 64.56%. The majority were primigravidae and nulliparous women, with a mean age of 29 ± 5.92 years (range: 19-40 years). The most frequent gestational age at diagnosis was between 28 and 36 weeks. Diuresis was preserved in 94.12% of patients. Serum creatinine levels ranged from 11 to 74mg/L, and the mean glomerular filtration rate was 46.27 ± 21.55mL/min/1.73m² (range: 7.56-84.13). In this cohort, AKI Stage 1 developed in 65.31% of patients. The primary aetiology was HELLP Syndrome. The majority (82.35%) underwent caesarean section. Maternal mortality was 1.96% (one case), and foetal mortality stood at 31.37%, with complications including neonatal respiratory distress (40%), intrauterine growth restriction (26%), and intrauterine foetal death (19.61%). Conclusion: The prevalence of AKI among patients with HELLP Syndrome is notably high, with significant associated foetal morbidity.

Published in	International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine (Volume 13, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18
Page(s)	58-62
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

HELLP Syndrome, AKI, Prevalence, Mortality, CHU-MEL

References

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Giovanna, Z., Joseph, A., Armel, A., Jacques, V., Eugene, Z. (2025). Clinical and Aetiological Aspects of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hellp Syndrome in the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Centre for Mother and Child (CHU-MEL). International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine, 13(1), 58-62. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18

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Giovanna, Z.; Joseph, A.; Armel, A.; Jacques, V.; Eugene, Z. Clinical and Aetiological Aspects of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hellp Syndrome in the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Centre for Mother and Child (CHU-MEL). Int. J. Anesth. Clin. Med. 2025, 13(1), 58-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18

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AMA Style

Giovanna Z, Joseph A, Armel A, Jacques V, Eugene Z. Clinical and Aetiological Aspects of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hellp Syndrome in the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Centre for Mother and Child (CHU-MEL). Int J Anesth Clin Med. 2025;13(1):58-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18

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@article{10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18,
  author = {Zossoungbo Giovanna and Akodjenou Joseph and Adjofoguè Armel and Vigan Jacques and Zoumènou Eugene},
  title = {Clinical and Aetiological Aspects of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hellp Syndrome in the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Centre for Mother and Child (CHU-MEL)},
  journal = {International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {13},
  number = {1},
  pages = {58-62},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijacm.20251301.18},
  abstract = {Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in pregnancy encompasses all causes of acute renal impairment occurring between conception and delivery. HELLP Syndrome represents a severe form of pre-eclampsia that predisposes pregnant individuals to AKI. Objective: To examine the clinical and aetiological aspects of AKI in HELLP Syndrome among patients admitted to the obstetric intensive care unit of CHU-MEL in Cotonou from May 2018 to June 2023. Method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted over five years at CHU-MEL, Cotonou, involving patients diagnosed with HELLP Syndrome. AKI was identified based on ACOG criteria, with staging determined according to the KDIGO classification. Results: A total of 51 patient records with HELLP Syndrome and associated AKI were included in the study. The prevalence of AKI among HELLP Syndrome patients was 64.56%. The majority were primigravidae and nulliparous women, with a mean age of 29 ± 5.92 years (range: 19-40 years). The most frequent gestational age at diagnosis was between 28 and 36 weeks. Diuresis was preserved in 94.12% of patients. Serum creatinine levels ranged from 11 to 74mg/L, and the mean glomerular filtration rate was 46.27 ± 21.55mL/min/1.73m² (range: 7.56-84.13). In this cohort, AKI Stage 1 developed in 65.31% of patients. The primary aetiology was HELLP Syndrome. The majority (82.35%) underwent caesarean section. Maternal mortality was 1.96% (one case), and foetal mortality stood at 31.37%, with complications including neonatal respiratory distress (40%), intrauterine growth restriction (26%), and intrauterine foetal death (19.61%). Conclusion: The prevalence of AKI among patients with HELLP Syndrome is notably high, with significant associated foetal morbidity.},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Clinical and Aetiological Aspects of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hellp Syndrome in the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Centre for Mother and Child (CHU-MEL)
AU - Zossoungbo Giovanna
AU - Akodjenou Joseph
AU - Adjofoguè Armel
AU - Vigan Jacques
AU - Zoumènou Eugene
Y1 - 2025/06/25
PY - 2025
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18
DO - 10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18
T2 - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
JF - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
JO - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
SP - 58
EP - 62
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2997-2698
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18
AB - Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in pregnancy encompasses all causes of acute renal impairment occurring between conception and delivery. HELLP Syndrome represents a severe form of pre-eclampsia that predisposes pregnant individuals to AKI. Objective: To examine the clinical and aetiological aspects of AKI in HELLP Syndrome among patients admitted to the obstetric intensive care unit of CHU-MEL in Cotonou from May 2018 to June 2023. Method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted over five years at CHU-MEL, Cotonou, involving patients diagnosed with HELLP Syndrome. AKI was identified based on ACOG criteria, with staging determined according to the KDIGO classification. Results: A total of 51 patient records with HELLP Syndrome and associated AKI were included in the study. The prevalence of AKI among HELLP Syndrome patients was 64.56%. The majority were primigravidae and nulliparous women, with a mean age of 29 ± 5.92 years (range: 19-40 years). The most frequent gestational age at diagnosis was between 28 and 36 weeks. Diuresis was preserved in 94.12% of patients. Serum creatinine levels ranged from 11 to 74mg/L, and the mean glomerular filtration rate was 46.27 ± 21.55mL/min/1.73m² (range: 7.56-84.13). In this cohort, AKI Stage 1 developed in 65.31% of patients. The primary aetiology was HELLP Syndrome. The majority (82.35%) underwent caesarean section. Maternal mortality was 1.96% (one case), and foetal mortality stood at 31.37%, with complications including neonatal respiratory distress (40%), intrauterine growth restriction (26%), and intrauterine foetal death (19.61%). Conclusion: The prevalence of AKI among patients with HELLP Syndrome is notably high, with significant associated foetal morbidity.
VL - 13
IS - 1
ER -

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Zossoungbo Giovanna

National University Hospital Center - HKM, Cotonou, Benin

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http://orcid.org/0009-0004-2938-0331
Akodjenou Joseph

University Hospital Center for Mother and Child - Lagoon, Cotonou, Benin
Adjofoguè Armel

University Hospital Center for Mother and Child - Lagoon, Cotonou, Benin
Vigan Jacques

National University Hospital Center - HKM, Cotonou, Benin
Zoumènou Eugene

National University Hospital Center - HKM, Cotonou, Benin

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APA Style

Giovanna, Z., Joseph, A., Armel, A., Jacques, V., Eugene, Z. (2025). Clinical and Aetiological Aspects of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hellp Syndrome in the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Centre for Mother and Child (CHU-MEL). International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine, 13(1), 58-62. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18

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ACS Style

Giovanna, Z.; Joseph, A.; Armel, A.; Jacques, V.; Eugene, Z. Clinical and Aetiological Aspects of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hellp Syndrome in the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Centre for Mother and Child (CHU-MEL). Int. J. Anesth. Clin. Med. 2025, 13(1), 58-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18

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AMA Style

Giovanna Z, Joseph A, Armel A, Jacques V, Eugene Z. Clinical and Aetiological Aspects of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hellp Syndrome in the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Centre for Mother and Child (CHU-MEL). Int J Anesth Clin Med. 2025;13(1):58-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18

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@article{10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18,
  author = {Zossoungbo Giovanna and Akodjenou Joseph and Adjofoguè Armel and Vigan Jacques and Zoumènou Eugene},
  title = {Clinical and Aetiological Aspects of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hellp Syndrome in the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Centre for Mother and Child (CHU-MEL)},
  journal = {International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {13},
  number = {1},
  pages = {58-62},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20251301.18},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijacm.20251301.18},
  abstract = {Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in pregnancy encompasses all causes of acute renal impairment occurring between conception and delivery. HELLP Syndrome represents a severe form of pre-eclampsia that predisposes pregnant individuals to AKI. Objective: To examine the clinical and aetiological aspects of AKI in HELLP Syndrome among patients admitted to the obstetric intensive care unit of CHU-MEL in Cotonou from May 2018 to June 2023. Method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted over five years at CHU-MEL, Cotonou, involving patients diagnosed with HELLP Syndrome. AKI was identified based on ACOG criteria, with staging determined according to the KDIGO classification. Results: A total of 51 patient records with HELLP Syndrome and associated AKI were included in the study. The prevalence of AKI among HELLP Syndrome patients was 64.56%. The majority were primigravidae and nulliparous women, with a mean age of 29 ± 5.92 years (range: 19-40 years). The most frequent gestational age at diagnosis was between 28 and 36 weeks. Diuresis was preserved in 94.12% of patients. Serum creatinine levels ranged from 11 to 74mg/L, and the mean glomerular filtration rate was 46.27 ± 21.55mL/min/1.73m² (range: 7.56-84.13). In this cohort, AKI Stage 1 developed in 65.31% of patients. The primary aetiology was HELLP Syndrome. The majority (82.35%) underwent caesarean section. Maternal mortality was 1.96% (one case), and foetal mortality stood at 31.37%, with complications including neonatal respiratory distress (40%), intrauterine growth restriction (26%), and intrauterine foetal death (19.61%). Conclusion: The prevalence of AKI among patients with HELLP Syndrome is notably high, with significant associated foetal morbidity.},
 year = {2025}
}

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