Peritonitis Due to Ruptured Pyonephrosis: First Case Report in a Child and Management in Rural Chad in Africa

Saleh Abdelkerim Nedjim; Seid Younous; Valentin Vadandi; Achta Fadoul; Adoumadji Kouldjim; Moussa Kalli; Brahim Soukaya; Oumar Atti; Ndormadjita Allah-Siyangar; Mahamat Ali Mahamat; Rimtebaye Kimassoum; Choua Ouchemi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24

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Peritonitis Due to Ruptured Pyonephrosis: First Case Report in a Child and Management in Rural Chad in Africa

Saleh Abdelkerim Nedjim^*

, Seid Younous, Valentin Vadandi, Achta Fadoul, Adoumadji Kouldjim, Moussa Kalli, Brahim Soukaya, Oumar Atti, Ndormadjita Allah-Siyangar, Mahamat Ali Mahamat, Rimtebaye Kimassoum, Choua Ouchemi

Published in International Journal of Clinical Urology (Volume 9, Issue 2)

Received: 5 April 2025 Accepted: 12 May 2025 Published: 7 November 2025

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Abstract

Pyonephrosis is a rare condition characterized by the destruction of renal parenchyma, which can lead to severe complications such as secondary peritonitis in cases of rupture. In this article, we report a rare case of acute peritonitis in a 12-year-old girl caused by ruptured pyonephrosis, occurring in a rural setting in Chad. The patient, with no prior medical history, was admitted for acute abdominal syndrome. She had experienced intermittent lumbar pain for six months, self-medicated without medical consultation. Radiological assessment revealed a markedly dilated right kidney with echogenic content suggestive of pyonephrosis overlying a renal calculus, along with abdominal fluid collection. A confirmatory CT scan could not be performed due to the unavailability of imaging facilities. Exploratory laparotomy revealed purulent intra-peritoneal fluid and a necrotic right kidney, necessitating nephrectomy. The patient recovered well postoperatively. Beyond its surgical relevance, this case highlights the urgent need for increased awareness regarding early medical consultation and improved access to advanced diagnostic tools in rural areas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pediatric peritonitis due to ruptured pyonephrosis managed entirely in a rural African setting.

Published in	International Journal of Clinical Urology (Volume 9, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24
Page(s)	192-195
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Urolithiasis, Pyonephrosis, Complication, Peritonitis, Health Policy

References

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[2]	Tamburrini S, Lugarà M, Iannuzzi M, et al. Pyonephrosis Ultrasound and Computed Tomography Features: A Pictorial Review. Diagnostics (Basel). 2021; 11(2): 331. Published 2021 Feb 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11020331
[3]	Nikolovski A, Misimi S, Draskacheva N, Limani N. Pyonephrosis complicated with spontaneous intraperitoneal rupture and diffuse peritonitis: Case report and literature review. Clin Nephrol. 2024; 101(3): 147-151. https://doi.org/10.5414/CN111286
[4]	Shifti DM, Bekele K. Generalized peritonitis after spontaneous rupture of pyonephrosis: a case report. Int Med Case Rep J. 2018; 11: 113-116. Published 2018 May 15. https://doi.org/10.2147/IMCRJ.S159010
[5]	Elmoudane A, Boukhannous I, Elalaoui A, Alaoui Mhammedi W, Mokhtari M, Barki A. Pyoperitoneum revealing a spontaneous renal forniceal rupture due to ureteropelvic junction syndrome: About a rare case report. Urol Case Rep. 2022 Sep 21; 45: 102231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eucr.2022.102231
[6]	Wagenlehner FME, Bjerklund Johansen TE, Cai T, et al. Epidemiology, definition and treatment of complicated urinary tract infections. Nat Rev Urol. 2020; 17(10): 586-600. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41585-020-0362-4
[7]	Quaresima S, Manzelli A, Ricciardi E, et al. Spontaneous intraperitoneal rupture of pyonephrosis in a patient with unknown kidney carcinosarcoma: a case report. World J Surg Oncol. 2011; 9: 39. Published 2011 Apr 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7819-9-39
[8]	JOACHIM GR, BECKER EL. SPONTANEOUS RUPTURE OF THE KIDNEY. Arch Intern Med. 1965; 115: 176-183. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1965.03860140056012
[9]	Van Nieuwkoop C, Hoppe BP, Bonten TN, et al. Predicting the need for radiologic imaging in adults with febrile urinary tract infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2010; 51(11): 1266-1272. https://doi.org/10.1086/657071
[10]	Liu, J. J., & Shortliffe, L. M. D. (2012). Renal Abscess and Other Complex Renal Infections. In Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Fourth Edition (pp. 343-345.e1). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4377-2702-9.00050-7

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APA Style

Nedjim, S. A., Younous, S., Vadandi, V., Fadoul, A., Kouldjim, A., et al. (2025). Peritonitis Due to Ruptured Pyonephrosis: First Case Report in a Child and Management in Rural Chad in Africa. International Journal of Clinical Urology, 9(2), 192-195. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24

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ACS Style

Nedjim, S. A.; Younous, S.; Vadandi, V.; Fadoul, A.; Kouldjim, A., et al. Peritonitis Due to Ruptured Pyonephrosis: First Case Report in a Child and Management in Rural Chad in Africa. Int. J. Clin. Urol. 2025, 9(2), 192-195. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24

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AMA Style

Nedjim SA, Younous S, Vadandi V, Fadoul A, Kouldjim A, et al. Peritonitis Due to Ruptured Pyonephrosis: First Case Report in a Child and Management in Rural Chad in Africa. Int J Clin Urol. 2025;9(2):192-195. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24

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@article{10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24,
  author = {Saleh Abdelkerim Nedjim and Seid Younous and Valentin Vadandi and Achta Fadoul and Adoumadji Kouldjim and Moussa Kalli and Brahim Soukaya and Oumar Atti and Ndormadjita Allah-Siyangar and Mahamat Ali Mahamat and Rimtebaye Kimassoum and Choua Ouchemi},
  title = {Peritonitis Due to Ruptured Pyonephrosis: First Case Report in a Child and Management in Rural Chad in Africa
},
  journal = {International Journal of Clinical Urology},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {192-195},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcu.20250902.24},
  abstract = {Pyonephrosis is a rare condition characterized by the destruction of renal parenchyma, which can lead to severe complications such as secondary peritonitis in cases of rupture. In this article, we report a rare case of acute peritonitis in a 12-year-old girl caused by ruptured pyonephrosis, occurring in a rural setting in Chad. The patient, with no prior medical history, was admitted for acute abdominal syndrome. She had experienced intermittent lumbar pain for six months, self-medicated without medical consultation. Radiological assessment revealed a markedly dilated right kidney with echogenic content suggestive of pyonephrosis overlying a renal calculus, along with abdominal fluid collection. A confirmatory CT scan could not be performed due to the unavailability of imaging facilities. Exploratory laparotomy revealed purulent intra-peritoneal fluid and a necrotic right kidney, necessitating nephrectomy. The patient recovered well postoperatively. Beyond its surgical relevance, this case highlights the urgent need for increased awareness regarding early medical consultation and improved access to advanced diagnostic tools in rural areas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pediatric peritonitis due to ruptured pyonephrosis managed entirely in a rural African setting.
},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Peritonitis Due to Ruptured Pyonephrosis: First Case Report in a Child and Management in Rural Chad in Africa

AU  - Saleh Abdelkerim Nedjim
AU  - Seid Younous
AU  - Valentin Vadandi
AU  - Achta Fadoul
AU  - Adoumadji Kouldjim
AU  - Moussa Kalli
AU  - Brahim Soukaya
AU  - Oumar Atti
AU  - Ndormadjita Allah-Siyangar
AU  - Mahamat Ali Mahamat
AU  - Rimtebaye Kimassoum
AU  - Choua Ouchemi
Y1  - 2025/11/07
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24
T2  - International Journal of Clinical Urology
JF  - International Journal of Clinical Urology
JO  - International Journal of Clinical Urology
SP  - 192
EP  - 195
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1355
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24
AB  - Pyonephrosis is a rare condition characterized by the destruction of renal parenchyma, which can lead to severe complications such as secondary peritonitis in cases of rupture. In this article, we report a rare case of acute peritonitis in a 12-year-old girl caused by ruptured pyonephrosis, occurring in a rural setting in Chad. The patient, with no prior medical history, was admitted for acute abdominal syndrome. She had experienced intermittent lumbar pain for six months, self-medicated without medical consultation. Radiological assessment revealed a markedly dilated right kidney with echogenic content suggestive of pyonephrosis overlying a renal calculus, along with abdominal fluid collection. A confirmatory CT scan could not be performed due to the unavailability of imaging facilities. Exploratory laparotomy revealed purulent intra-peritoneal fluid and a necrotic right kidney, necessitating nephrectomy. The patient recovered well postoperatively. Beyond its surgical relevance, this case highlights the urgent need for increased awareness regarding early medical consultation and improved access to advanced diagnostic tools in rural areas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pediatric peritonitis due to ruptured pyonephrosis managed entirely in a rural African setting.

VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Saleh Abdelkerim Nedjim

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Adam Barka University, Abéché, Tchad

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3494-6350
Seid Younous

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Adam Barka University, Abéché, Tchad
Valentin Vadandi

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Adam Barka University, Abéché, Tchad
Achta Fadoul

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, N’djamena University, N’djamena, Tchad
Adoumadji Kouldjim

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, N’djamena University, N’djamena, Tchad
Moussa Kalli

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, N’djamena University, N’djamena, Tchad
Brahim Soukaya

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, N’djamena University, N’djamena, Tchad
Oumar Atti

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, N’djamena University, N’djamena, Tchad
Ndormadjita Allah-Siyangar

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, N’djamena University, N’djamena, Tchad
Mahamat Ali Mahamat

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, N’djamena University, N’djamena, Tchad
Rimtebaye Kimassoum

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, N’djamena University, N’djamena, Tchad
Choua Ouchemi

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, N’djamena University, N’djamena, Tchad

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Nedjim, S. A., Younous, S., Vadandi, V., Fadoul, A., Kouldjim, A., et al. (2025). Peritonitis Due to Ruptured Pyonephrosis: First Case Report in a Child and Management in Rural Chad in Africa. International Journal of Clinical Urology, 9(2), 192-195. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24

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ACS Style

Nedjim, S. A.; Younous, S.; Vadandi, V.; Fadoul, A.; Kouldjim, A., et al. Peritonitis Due to Ruptured Pyonephrosis: First Case Report in a Child and Management in Rural Chad in Africa. Int. J. Clin. Urol. 2025, 9(2), 192-195. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24

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AMA Style

Nedjim SA, Younous S, Vadandi V, Fadoul A, Kouldjim A, et al. Peritonitis Due to Ruptured Pyonephrosis: First Case Report in a Child and Management in Rural Chad in Africa. Int J Clin Urol. 2025;9(2):192-195. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24,
  author = {Saleh Abdelkerim Nedjim and Seid Younous and Valentin Vadandi and Achta Fadoul and Adoumadji Kouldjim and Moussa Kalli and Brahim Soukaya and Oumar Atti and Ndormadjita Allah-Siyangar and Mahamat Ali Mahamat and Rimtebaye Kimassoum and Choua Ouchemi},
  title = {Peritonitis Due to Ruptured Pyonephrosis: First Case Report in a Child and Management in Rural Chad in Africa
},
  journal = {International Journal of Clinical Urology},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {192-195},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcu.20250902.24},
  abstract = {Pyonephrosis is a rare condition characterized by the destruction of renal parenchyma, which can lead to severe complications such as secondary peritonitis in cases of rupture. In this article, we report a rare case of acute peritonitis in a 12-year-old girl caused by ruptured pyonephrosis, occurring in a rural setting in Chad. The patient, with no prior medical history, was admitted for acute abdominal syndrome. She had experienced intermittent lumbar pain for six months, self-medicated without medical consultation. Radiological assessment revealed a markedly dilated right kidney with echogenic content suggestive of pyonephrosis overlying a renal calculus, along with abdominal fluid collection. A confirmatory CT scan could not be performed due to the unavailability of imaging facilities. Exploratory laparotomy revealed purulent intra-peritoneal fluid and a necrotic right kidney, necessitating nephrectomy. The patient recovered well postoperatively. Beyond its surgical relevance, this case highlights the urgent need for increased awareness regarding early medical consultation and improved access to advanced diagnostic tools in rural areas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pediatric peritonitis due to ruptured pyonephrosis managed entirely in a rural African setting.
},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Peritonitis Due to Ruptured Pyonephrosis: First Case Report in a Child and Management in Rural Chad in Africa

AU  - Saleh Abdelkerim Nedjim
AU  - Seid Younous
AU  - Valentin Vadandi
AU  - Achta Fadoul
AU  - Adoumadji Kouldjim
AU  - Moussa Kalli
AU  - Brahim Soukaya
AU  - Oumar Atti
AU  - Ndormadjita Allah-Siyangar
AU  - Mahamat Ali Mahamat
AU  - Rimtebaye Kimassoum
AU  - Choua Ouchemi
Y1  - 2025/11/07
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24
T2  - International Journal of Clinical Urology
JF  - International Journal of Clinical Urology
JO  - International Journal of Clinical Urology
SP  - 192
EP  - 195
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1355
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.24
AB  - Pyonephrosis is a rare condition characterized by the destruction of renal parenchyma, which can lead to severe complications such as secondary peritonitis in cases of rupture. In this article, we report a rare case of acute peritonitis in a 12-year-old girl caused by ruptured pyonephrosis, occurring in a rural setting in Chad. The patient, with no prior medical history, was admitted for acute abdominal syndrome. She had experienced intermittent lumbar pain for six months, self-medicated without medical consultation. Radiological assessment revealed a markedly dilated right kidney with echogenic content suggestive of pyonephrosis overlying a renal calculus, along with abdominal fluid collection. A confirmatory CT scan could not be performed due to the unavailability of imaging facilities. Exploratory laparotomy revealed purulent intra-peritoneal fluid and a necrotic right kidney, necessitating nephrectomy. The patient recovered well postoperatively. Beyond its surgical relevance, this case highlights the urgent need for increased awareness regarding early medical consultation and improved access to advanced diagnostic tools in rural areas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pediatric peritonitis due to ruptured pyonephrosis managed entirely in a rural African setting.

VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download