Assessment of Nutrient Availability and Competition Between Striga Hermonthica and Maize Plant

Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima; Silas Ngandi Johnson

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12

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Assessment of Nutrient Availability and Competition Between Striga Hermonthica and Maize Plant

Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima, Silas Ngandi Johnson

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 11, Issue 5)

Received: 2 August 2023 Accepted: 22 August 2023 Published: 31 October 2023

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Abstract

One of the major challenges in maize production across the globe is that of infestation by striga, a parasitic plant resulting in intense competition for mineral resources. And eventual decline in overall maize yield. This study assesses the extent of competition for nutrients by maize plant inter-planted with Striga hermonthica under green-house conditions using the variables: Maize planted alone (M), maize inter-planted with striga (M/S), maize planted alone with fertilizer application (MF), maize inter-planted with striga and fertilizer applied (M/SF), striga only (S) and striga with fertilizer (SF). The growth profile obtained was in the order: MF > M > M/SF > M/S > SF > S implying a significant effect on maize growth by striga. However, the distribution of proximate constituents’ showed that moisture, ash, crude protein, lipid, and fibre content is more in striga root compared to the shoot likewise, the moisture, ash, and lipid content of the root supersede the shoot in maize plant inter-planted with striga. Then, the moisture, ash, and carbohydrate content of striga root and shoot surpass that of the maize inter-planted with striga. Soil to plant Bio-Concentration Factor of phosphorus was in the order: S > M > M/S, for potassium, was S > M /S > M, while magnesium: S > M > M/S then manganese: S = M = M/S. Based on the highest value of regression coefficient R² of the linearized plot of the diverse kinetic models, the pseudo second order kinetics model dominates the uptake rate of K, Mg and Mn by maize plant while the uptake of P, K, and Mg by striga conforms to elovic kinetic model. The mean sorption capacity K of minerals based on Freundlich-like equation reveals higher uptake capacity by striga plant when compared to maize plant which supports the reason why striga competes favorably with maize for mineral with a significant effect in lowering maize yield. Given the higher sorption capacity of Striga hermonthica, further studies are suggested on fortifying maize to compete favorably with striga plant.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 11, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12
Page(s)	106-113
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Striga hermonthica, Proximate Compositions, Mineral Elements, Uptake Capacity and Kinetics

References

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APA Style

Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima, Silas Ngandi Johnson. (2023). Assessment of Nutrient Availability and Competition Between Striga Hermonthica and Maize Plant. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 11(5), 106-113. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12

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ACS Style

Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima; Silas Ngandi Johnson. Assessment of Nutrient Availability and Competition Between Striga Hermonthica and Maize Plant. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2023, 11(5), 106-113. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12

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AMA Style

Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima, Silas Ngandi Johnson. Assessment of Nutrient Availability and Competition Between Striga Hermonthica and Maize Plant. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2023;11(5):106-113. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12,
  author = {Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima and Silas Ngandi Johnson},
  title = {Assessment of Nutrient Availability and Competition Between Striga Hermonthica and Maize Plant},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {11},
  number = {5},
  pages = {106-113},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20231105.12},
  abstract = {One of the major challenges in maize production across the globe is that of infestation by striga, a parasitic plant resulting in intense competition for mineral resources. And eventual decline in overall maize yield. This study assesses the extent of competition for nutrients by maize plant inter-planted with Striga hermonthica under green-house conditions using the variables: Maize planted alone (M), maize inter-planted with striga (M/S), maize planted alone with fertilizer application (MF), maize inter-planted with striga and fertilizer applied (M/SF), striga only (S) and striga with fertilizer (SF). The growth profile obtained was in the order: MF > M > M/SF > M/S > SF > S implying a significant effect on maize growth by striga. However, the distribution of proximate constituents’ showed that moisture, ash, crude protein, lipid, and fibre content is more in striga root compared to the shoot likewise, the moisture, ash, and lipid content of the root supersede the shoot in maize plant inter-planted with striga. Then, the moisture, ash, and carbohydrate content of striga root and shoot surpass that of the maize inter-planted with striga. Soil to plant Bio-Concentration Factor of phosphorus was in the order: S > M > M/S, for potassium, was S > M /S > M, while magnesium: S > M > M/S then manganese: S = M = M/S. Based on the highest value of regression coefficient R2 of the linearized plot of the diverse kinetic models, the pseudo second order kinetics model dominates the uptake rate of K, Mg and Mn by maize plant while the uptake of P, K, and Mg by striga conforms to elovic kinetic model. The mean sorption capacity K of minerals based on Freundlich-like equation reveals higher uptake capacity by striga plant when compared to maize plant which supports the reason why striga competes favorably with maize for mineral with a significant effect in lowering maize yield. Given the higher sorption capacity of Striga hermonthica, further studies are suggested on fortifying maize to compete favorably with striga plant.
},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Nutrient Availability and Competition Between Striga Hermonthica and Maize Plant
AU  - Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima
AU  - Silas Ngandi Johnson
Y1  - 2023/10/31
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 106
EP  - 113
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12
AB  - One of the major challenges in maize production across the globe is that of infestation by striga, a parasitic plant resulting in intense competition for mineral resources. And eventual decline in overall maize yield. This study assesses the extent of competition for nutrients by maize plant inter-planted with Striga hermonthica under green-house conditions using the variables: Maize planted alone (M), maize inter-planted with striga (M/S), maize planted alone with fertilizer application (MF), maize inter-planted with striga and fertilizer applied (M/SF), striga only (S) and striga with fertilizer (SF). The growth profile obtained was in the order: MF > M > M/SF > M/S > SF > S implying a significant effect on maize growth by striga. However, the distribution of proximate constituents’ showed that moisture, ash, crude protein, lipid, and fibre content is more in striga root compared to the shoot likewise, the moisture, ash, and lipid content of the root supersede the shoot in maize plant inter-planted with striga. Then, the moisture, ash, and carbohydrate content of striga root and shoot surpass that of the maize inter-planted with striga. Soil to plant Bio-Concentration Factor of phosphorus was in the order: S > M > M/S, for potassium, was S > M /S > M, while magnesium: S > M > M/S then manganese: S = M = M/S. Based on the highest value of regression coefficient R2 of the linearized plot of the diverse kinetic models, the pseudo second order kinetics model dominates the uptake rate of K, Mg and Mn by maize plant while the uptake of P, K, and Mg by striga conforms to elovic kinetic model. The mean sorption capacity K of minerals based on Freundlich-like equation reveals higher uptake capacity by striga plant when compared to maize plant which supports the reason why striga competes favorably with maize for mineral with a significant effect in lowering maize yield. Given the higher sorption capacity of Striga hermonthica, further studies are suggested on fortifying maize to compete favorably with striga plant.

VL  - 11
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima

Department of Chemical Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Nigeria
Silas Ngandi Johnson

Department of Chemical Sciences, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Nigeria

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APA Style

Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima, Silas Ngandi Johnson. (2023). Assessment of Nutrient Availability and Competition Between Striga Hermonthica and Maize Plant. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 11(5), 106-113. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12

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ACS Style

Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima; Silas Ngandi Johnson. Assessment of Nutrient Availability and Competition Between Striga Hermonthica and Maize Plant. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2023, 11(5), 106-113. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12

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AMA Style

Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima, Silas Ngandi Johnson. Assessment of Nutrient Availability and Competition Between Striga Hermonthica and Maize Plant. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2023;11(5):106-113. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12,
  author = {Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima and Silas Ngandi Johnson},
  title = {Assessment of Nutrient Availability and Competition Between Striga Hermonthica and Maize Plant},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {11},
  number = {5},
  pages = {106-113},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20231105.12},
  abstract = {One of the major challenges in maize production across the globe is that of infestation by striga, a parasitic plant resulting in intense competition for mineral resources. And eventual decline in overall maize yield. This study assesses the extent of competition for nutrients by maize plant inter-planted with Striga hermonthica under green-house conditions using the variables: Maize planted alone (M), maize inter-planted with striga (M/S), maize planted alone with fertilizer application (MF), maize inter-planted with striga and fertilizer applied (M/SF), striga only (S) and striga with fertilizer (SF). The growth profile obtained was in the order: MF > M > M/SF > M/S > SF > S implying a significant effect on maize growth by striga. However, the distribution of proximate constituents’ showed that moisture, ash, crude protein, lipid, and fibre content is more in striga root compared to the shoot likewise, the moisture, ash, and lipid content of the root supersede the shoot in maize plant inter-planted with striga. Then, the moisture, ash, and carbohydrate content of striga root and shoot surpass that of the maize inter-planted with striga. Soil to plant Bio-Concentration Factor of phosphorus was in the order: S > M > M/S, for potassium, was S > M /S > M, while magnesium: S > M > M/S then manganese: S = M = M/S. Based on the highest value of regression coefficient R2 of the linearized plot of the diverse kinetic models, the pseudo second order kinetics model dominates the uptake rate of K, Mg and Mn by maize plant while the uptake of P, K, and Mg by striga conforms to elovic kinetic model. The mean sorption capacity K of minerals based on Freundlich-like equation reveals higher uptake capacity by striga plant when compared to maize plant which supports the reason why striga competes favorably with maize for mineral with a significant effect in lowering maize yield. Given the higher sorption capacity of Striga hermonthica, further studies are suggested on fortifying maize to compete favorably with striga plant.
},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Nutrient Availability and Competition Between Striga Hermonthica and Maize Plant
AU  - Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima
AU  - Silas Ngandi Johnson
Y1  - 2023/10/31
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 106
EP  - 113
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20231105.12
AB  - One of the major challenges in maize production across the globe is that of infestation by striga, a parasitic plant resulting in intense competition for mineral resources. And eventual decline in overall maize yield. This study assesses the extent of competition for nutrients by maize plant inter-planted with Striga hermonthica under green-house conditions using the variables: Maize planted alone (M), maize inter-planted with striga (M/S), maize planted alone with fertilizer application (MF), maize inter-planted with striga and fertilizer applied (M/SF), striga only (S) and striga with fertilizer (SF). The growth profile obtained was in the order: MF > M > M/SF > M/S > SF > S implying a significant effect on maize growth by striga. However, the distribution of proximate constituents’ showed that moisture, ash, crude protein, lipid, and fibre content is more in striga root compared to the shoot likewise, the moisture, ash, and lipid content of the root supersede the shoot in maize plant inter-planted with striga. Then, the moisture, ash, and carbohydrate content of striga root and shoot surpass that of the maize inter-planted with striga. Soil to plant Bio-Concentration Factor of phosphorus was in the order: S > M > M/S, for potassium, was S > M /S > M, while magnesium: S > M > M/S then manganese: S = M = M/S. Based on the highest value of regression coefficient R2 of the linearized plot of the diverse kinetic models, the pseudo second order kinetics model dominates the uptake rate of K, Mg and Mn by maize plant while the uptake of P, K, and Mg by striga conforms to elovic kinetic model. The mean sorption capacity K of minerals based on Freundlich-like equation reveals higher uptake capacity by striga plant when compared to maize plant which supports the reason why striga competes favorably with maize for mineral with a significant effect in lowering maize yield. Given the higher sorption capacity of Striga hermonthica, further studies are suggested on fortifying maize to compete favorably with striga plant.

VL  - 11
IS  - 5
ER  -

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