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Effects of Water Hardness on Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics with Different Types of Reactive Dyes and Shade Percentages

Received: 11 September 2016     Accepted: 21 September 2016     Published: 27 October 2016
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Abstract

This research was investigated the influence of water hardness on dyeing of cotton fabric with three types of reactive dyes (Synozol, Ramazol and Setazol). The effects of various fastness (color fastness to wash, abrasion test, Rubbing test and Perspiration test) properties of dyes were also studied and reported in this paper in details. Single color (Blue) is used for the shade of 1% and 2% and varied water hardness of 120 ppm, 70 ppm and 9 ppm respectively. The main objective of this paper was to find out the parameters of various fastness properties at different range of water hardness in the application of different types of reactive dyes. It is visualized that different amount of water hardness showed in different fastness for using three types of reactive dyes having shade of 1% and 2%. We reported that water hardness up to 9 ppm, for using three types of reactive dyes showed excellent wash fastness and it deteriorates with increasing hardness. Setazol 1% & 2%, showed highest abrasion resistance at 9 ppm water hardness compare to other dyes at higher water hardness. Rubbing test result also showed very good for 9 ppm water hardness in three reactive dyes irrespective of shade percentage. The perspiration test result is good at 9 ppm water hardness for all types of reactive dyes with all shade percentages.

Published in International Journal of Materials Science and Applications (Volume 5, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20160506.14
Page(s) 254-260
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Water Hardness, Fastness, Precipitation, Shade Percentage, Perspiration

References
[1] K. Chi-wai, “Effect of water hardness on acid dyeing with silk”, AUTEX Research Journal, Vol. 08, No2, June 2008.
[2] M. G. Uddin, A. S. M. Atiquzzaman, “Estimation of Total Hardness of Bath Water in Knit Dye Houses in Bangladesh and Study of Its Effects”, International Journal of Textile Science 2014, 3 (4): 59-63 DOI: 10.5923/j.textile.20140304.01
[3] P. N. PALANISAMY and S. K. KAVITHA, “An Assessment of the Quality of Groundwater in a Textile Dyeing Industrial Area in Erode City, Tamilnadu, India”, E-Journal of Chemistry, 2010, 7 (3), 1033-1039.
[4] E. Khalil, J. Sarkar, “Effect of Hardness of Water on Fixation and Total Wash off Percentage of Reactive Dyes When Applied to Cellulosic Fiber” International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 4, Issue 9, September 2014, ISSN 2250-3153.
[5] M. Begum, M. Hossen and A. Khatton, “Water characteristics suitability for textile wet processing and its remedy measures”, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, January 16, 2009.
[6] A. Delituna, “Effects of water hardness on color obtained in dyeing of polyester microfiber”, INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE, 19-20 November 2010, GABROVO.
[7] S. A. Paul, S. K. Chavan and S. D. Khambe,“Studies on characterization of textile industrial waste water in solapur city”, Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 10 (2), 2012, 635-642, ISSN 0972-768X.
[8] T.A. Shinde, R. Marathe and V. A. Dorugade, “Effect of water hardness on reactive dyeing of cotton”, International Journal on Textile Engineering and Processes, ISSN: 2395-3578, Vol 1, Issue 4, October 2015.
[9] P. B. Nangare, D. V. Wadkar and R. S. Karale, “Impact of textile industry on ground water quality with special reference to ichalkaranji city, m. s., (india)”, Journal of Environmental Research And Development, Vol. 2 No. 4, April-June 2008.
[10] Keiko Gotoh, Kaori Horibe, Yang Mei and Toshiyuki Tsujisaka, “Effects of water hardness on textile detergency performance in aqueous cleaning system”, Journal of Oleo Science, J. Oleo Sci. 65 (2) 123-133, 2016.
[11] Konstadinos Abeliotis, Cevza Candan, Caroline Amberg, Ada Ferri, Miguel Osset, Jeremy Owens and Rainer Stamminger, “Impact of water hardness on consumers’ perception of laundry washing result in five European countries”, International Journal of Consumer Studies 39, 60-66, (2015).
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  • APA Style

    Mahbubur Rahman, Azizul Islam, Jagannath Biswas. (2016). Effects of Water Hardness on Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics with Different Types of Reactive Dyes and Shade Percentages. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications, 5(6), 254-260. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20160506.14

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    ACS Style

    Mahbubur Rahman; Azizul Islam; Jagannath Biswas. Effects of Water Hardness on Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics with Different Types of Reactive Dyes and Shade Percentages. Int. J. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2016, 5(6), 254-260. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20160506.14

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    AMA Style

    Mahbubur Rahman, Azizul Islam, Jagannath Biswas. Effects of Water Hardness on Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics with Different Types of Reactive Dyes and Shade Percentages. Int J Mater Sci Appl. 2016;5(6):254-260. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20160506.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijmsa.20160506.14,
      author = {Mahbubur Rahman and Azizul Islam and Jagannath Biswas},
      title = {Effects of Water Hardness on Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics with Different Types of Reactive Dyes and Shade Percentages},
      journal = {International Journal of Materials Science and Applications},
      volume = {5},
      number = {6},
      pages = {254-260},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijmsa.20160506.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20160506.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.20160506.14},
      abstract = {This research was investigated the influence of water hardness on dyeing of cotton fabric with three types of reactive dyes (Synozol, Ramazol and Setazol). The effects of various fastness (color fastness to wash, abrasion test, Rubbing test and Perspiration test) properties of dyes were also studied and reported in this paper in details. Single color (Blue) is used for the shade of 1% and 2% and varied water hardness of 120 ppm, 70 ppm and 9 ppm respectively. The main objective of this paper was to find out the parameters of various fastness properties at different range of water hardness in the application of different types of reactive dyes. It is visualized that different amount of water hardness showed in different fastness for using three types of reactive dyes having shade of 1% and 2%. We reported that water hardness up to 9 ppm, for using three types of reactive dyes showed excellent wash fastness and it deteriorates with increasing hardness. Setazol 1% & 2%, showed highest abrasion resistance at 9 ppm water hardness compare to other dyes at higher water hardness. Rubbing test result also showed very good for 9 ppm water hardness in three reactive dyes irrespective of shade percentage. The perspiration test result is good at 9 ppm water hardness for all types of reactive dyes with all shade percentages.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effects of Water Hardness on Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics with Different Types of Reactive Dyes and Shade Percentages
    AU  - Mahbubur Rahman
    AU  - Azizul Islam
    AU  - Jagannath Biswas
    Y1  - 2016/10/27
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20160506.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20160506.14
    T2  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
    JF  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
    JO  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
    SP  - 254
    EP  - 260
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2327-2643
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20160506.14
    AB  - This research was investigated the influence of water hardness on dyeing of cotton fabric with three types of reactive dyes (Synozol, Ramazol and Setazol). The effects of various fastness (color fastness to wash, abrasion test, Rubbing test and Perspiration test) properties of dyes were also studied and reported in this paper in details. Single color (Blue) is used for the shade of 1% and 2% and varied water hardness of 120 ppm, 70 ppm and 9 ppm respectively. The main objective of this paper was to find out the parameters of various fastness properties at different range of water hardness in the application of different types of reactive dyes. It is visualized that different amount of water hardness showed in different fastness for using three types of reactive dyes having shade of 1% and 2%. We reported that water hardness up to 9 ppm, for using three types of reactive dyes showed excellent wash fastness and it deteriorates with increasing hardness. Setazol 1% & 2%, showed highest abrasion resistance at 9 ppm water hardness compare to other dyes at higher water hardness. Rubbing test result also showed very good for 9 ppm water hardness in three reactive dyes irrespective of shade percentage. The perspiration test result is good at 9 ppm water hardness for all types of reactive dyes with all shade percentages.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Textile Engineering, Green University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Department of Textile Engineering, Green University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Department of Textile Engineering, Green University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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