Two Different Loading Directions to Determine the Shear and Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity

Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues; André Luis Christoforo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13

| Peer-Reviewed

Two Different Loading Directions to Determine the Shear and Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity

Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues, André Luis Christoforo

Published in International Journal of Materials Science and Applications (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 7 May 2019 Accepted: 6 June 2019 Published: 4 July 2019

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The large-scale abundance of wood in Brazil combined with the advantages of its use stimulate many studies to be encouraged in order to make use of this raw material in a more optimized and adequate form. Compared with concrete and steel, wood presents an excellent relation between mechanical strength and its mass, beauty, low energy consumption for its processing, good thermal insulation and easy workability. Objectifying the best use of wood, this work proposes that the equivalence between longitudinal and transversal modulus of elasticity values with radial (E_LR; G_LT) and tangential load application (E_LT; G_LR) in the 3 and 4-point bending tests used for their determinations. The test of equivalence used in the analysis of the results for the modulus of elasticity was the Tukey’s test, by which the statistical equivalence between values of longitudinal (E_LR x E_LT) and transversal (G_LT x G_LR) modulus of elasticity with the radial and tangential load application, respectively. It was concluded that for the species of the hardwood group: Peroba Rosa (Aspidosperma polyneuron) with 35 specimens, Eucalyptus Tereticornis (Eucalyptus tereticornis) with 33 specimens, Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril) with 28 specimens and Canafístula Peltophorum dubium) with 12 test specimens, tested in this work, there was no significant influence of the direction change of the loads on the values of the calculated modulus of elasticity.

Published in	International Journal of Materials Science and Applications (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13
Page(s)	30-34
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Equivalence Test, Hardwoods, Radial Load, Tangential Load, Different Directions

References

[1]	Segundinho, P. G. A.; Regazzi, A. J.; Poletti, F. S.; Paula, M. O.; Mendonça, A. R.; Gonçalves, F. G. Variação dos módulos de elasticidade e ruptura em madeira de Cedro-Australiano por meio de ensaios não destrutivo e destrutivo, Ciência Florestal, Santa Maria-RS, v. 28, n. 3, p. 1163-1178, jul./set. 2018.
[2]	Marques, L. E. M. M. O papel da madeira na sustentabilidade da construção. 2008. 111 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Civil)-Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, 2008.
[3]	Georgiopoulos, P. and Kontou, E. Τhe effect of wood‐fiber type on the thermomechanical performance of a biodegradable polymer matrix, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., v. 132, p. 1-10, march. 2015.
[4]	Aydemir, D.; Kiziltas, A.; Kiziltas, E. E.; Gardner, D. J.; Gunduz, G. Heat treated wood–nylon 6 composites, Composites Part B: Engineering, v. 68, p. 414-423, 2015.
[5]	Vidal, J. M.; Evangelhista, W. V.; Silva, J. C.; Jankowsky, I. P. Preservação de madeiras no Brasil: Histórico, cenário atual e tendências, Ciência Florestal, Santa Maria-RS, v. 25, n. 1, p. 257-271, jan./mar. 2015.
[6]	Karin, H.; Bernhard, S.; Gabriele, W. B.; Klaus, R. LCA-based optimization of wood utilization under special consideration of a cascading use of wood, J. Environ. Manage, v. 152, p. 158-170, April. 2015.
[7]	Icimoto, F. H.; Ferro, F. S.; Almeida D. H.; Christoforo, A. L.; Lahr, F. A. R. Influence of the wood specimen position on calculus of bending modulus of elasticity, International Journal of Materials Engineering, v. 3, n. 3, p. 41-46, may. 2013.
[8]	Carrillo. M. and Carreón, H. Ultrasonic determination of the elastic and shear modulus on aged wood, Proc. SPIE 10971, Nondestructive Characterization and Monitoring of Advanced Materials, Aerospace, Civil Infrastructure, and Transportation XIII, 109711Z, april. 2019.
[9]	Guan, C.; Liu, J.; Zhang, H.; Wang, X.; Zhou, L. Evaluation of modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture of full-size wood composite panels supported on two nodal-lines using a vibration technique, Construction and Building Materials, v. 218, p. 64-72, 2019.
[10]	Associação Brasileira De Normas Técnicas-ABNT. NBR 7190: 1997. Projeto de estruturas de madeira. Rio de Janeiro, 107 p., 1997.
[11]	Lahr, F. A. R.; Christoforo, A. L.; Panzera, T. H.; Silva D. A. L.; Gonçalves, D. Anisotropy influence in obtaining stiffiness property in bending of Brazilian wood species. International Journal of materials Engineering, v. 4, n. 3, p. 92-96, may. 2014.
[12]	Icimoto, F. H.; Ferro, F. S.; Almeida, D. H.; Christoforo, A. L.; Lahr, F. A. R. Influence of specimen orientation on determination of elasticity in static bending. Maderas, v. 17, n. 2, p. 229-238, 2015.
[13]	Stolf, D. O.; Bertolini, M. S.; Almeida, D. H.; Silva, D. A. L.; Panzera, T. H.; Christoforo, A. L.; Lahr, F. A. R. Influence of growth rings orientation of of some wood species to obtain toughness. Revista Escola de Minas, Ouro Preto-MG, v. 68, n. 3, p. 265-271, jul./set. 2015.
[14]	American Society for testing and materials. I98 I. Testing small clear specimens of timber. ASTM D 143-52 Philadelphia, PA.
[15]	ASTM D198-15, Standard Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural Sizes, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2015, www.astm.org.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues, André Luis Christoforo. (2019). Two Different Loading Directions to Determine the Shear and Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications, 8(2), 30-34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues; André Luis Christoforo. Two Different Loading Directions to Determine the Shear and Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity. Int. J. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2019, 8(2), 30-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues, André Luis Christoforo. Two Different Loading Directions to Determine the Shear and Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity. Int J Mater Sci Appl. 2019;8(2):30-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13,
  author = {Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues and André Luis Christoforo},
  title = {Two Different Loading Directions to Determine the Shear and Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity},
  journal = {International Journal of Materials Science and Applications},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {30-34},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.20190802.13},
  abstract = {The large-scale abundance of wood in Brazil combined with the advantages of its use stimulate many studies to be encouraged in order to make use of this raw material in a more optimized and adequate form. Compared with concrete and steel, wood presents an excellent relation between mechanical strength and its mass, beauty, low energy consumption for its processing, good thermal insulation and easy workability. Objectifying the best use of wood, this work proposes that the equivalence between longitudinal and transversal modulus of elasticity values with radial (ELR; GLT) and tangential load application (ELT; GLR) in the 3 and 4-point bending tests used for their determinations. The test of equivalence used in the analysis of the results for the modulus of elasticity was the Tukey’s test, by which the statistical equivalence between values of longitudinal (ELR x ELT) and transversal (GLT x GLR) modulus of elasticity with the radial and tangential load application, respectively. It was concluded that for the species of the hardwood group: Peroba Rosa (Aspidosperma polyneuron) with 35 specimens, Eucalyptus Tereticornis (Eucalyptus tereticornis) with 33 specimens, Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril) with 28 specimens and Canafístula Peltophorum dubium) with 12 test specimens, tested in this work, there was no significant influence of the direction change of the loads on the values of the calculated modulus of elasticity.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Two Different Loading Directions to Determine the Shear and Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity
AU  - Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues
AU  - André Luis Christoforo
Y1  - 2019/07/04
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13
T2  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
SP  - 30
EP  - 34
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2643
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13
AB  - The large-scale abundance of wood in Brazil combined with the advantages of its use stimulate many studies to be encouraged in order to make use of this raw material in a more optimized and adequate form. Compared with concrete and steel, wood presents an excellent relation between mechanical strength and its mass, beauty, low energy consumption for its processing, good thermal insulation and easy workability. Objectifying the best use of wood, this work proposes that the equivalence between longitudinal and transversal modulus of elasticity values with radial (ELR; GLT) and tangential load application (ELT; GLR) in the 3 and 4-point bending tests used for their determinations. The test of equivalence used in the analysis of the results for the modulus of elasticity was the Tukey’s test, by which the statistical equivalence between values of longitudinal (ELR x ELT) and transversal (GLT x GLR) modulus of elasticity with the radial and tangential load application, respectively. It was concluded that for the species of the hardwood group: Peroba Rosa (Aspidosperma polyneuron) with 35 specimens, Eucalyptus Tereticornis (Eucalyptus tereticornis) with 33 specimens, Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril) with 28 specimens and Canafístula Peltophorum dubium) with 12 test specimens, tested in this work, there was no significant influence of the direction change of the loads on the values of the calculated modulus of elasticity.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues

School of Civil Engineering, University of Uberaba, Uberaba, Brazil
André Luis Christoforo

Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of S?o Carlos, S?o Carlos, Brazil

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues, André Luis Christoforo. (2019). Two Different Loading Directions to Determine the Shear and Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications, 8(2), 30-34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues; André Luis Christoforo. Two Different Loading Directions to Determine the Shear and Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity. Int. J. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2019, 8(2), 30-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues, André Luis Christoforo. Two Different Loading Directions to Determine the Shear and Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity. Int J Mater Sci Appl. 2019;8(2):30-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13,
  author = {Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues and André Luis Christoforo},
  title = {Two Different Loading Directions to Determine the Shear and Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity},
  journal = {International Journal of Materials Science and Applications},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {30-34},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.20190802.13},
  abstract = {The large-scale abundance of wood in Brazil combined with the advantages of its use stimulate many studies to be encouraged in order to make use of this raw material in a more optimized and adequate form. Compared with concrete and steel, wood presents an excellent relation between mechanical strength and its mass, beauty, low energy consumption for its processing, good thermal insulation and easy workability. Objectifying the best use of wood, this work proposes that the equivalence between longitudinal and transversal modulus of elasticity values with radial (ELR; GLT) and tangential load application (ELT; GLR) in the 3 and 4-point bending tests used for their determinations. The test of equivalence used in the analysis of the results for the modulus of elasticity was the Tukey’s test, by which the statistical equivalence between values of longitudinal (ELR x ELT) and transversal (GLT x GLR) modulus of elasticity with the radial and tangential load application, respectively. It was concluded that for the species of the hardwood group: Peroba Rosa (Aspidosperma polyneuron) with 35 specimens, Eucalyptus Tereticornis (Eucalyptus tereticornis) with 33 specimens, Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril) with 28 specimens and Canafístula Peltophorum dubium) with 12 test specimens, tested in this work, there was no significant influence of the direction change of the loads on the values of the calculated modulus of elasticity.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Two Different Loading Directions to Determine the Shear and Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity
AU  - Edson Fernando Castanheira Rodrigues
AU  - André Luis Christoforo
Y1  - 2019/07/04
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13
T2  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
SP  - 30
EP  - 34
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2643
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20190802.13
AB  - The large-scale abundance of wood in Brazil combined with the advantages of its use stimulate many studies to be encouraged in order to make use of this raw material in a more optimized and adequate form. Compared with concrete and steel, wood presents an excellent relation between mechanical strength and its mass, beauty, low energy consumption for its processing, good thermal insulation and easy workability. Objectifying the best use of wood, this work proposes that the equivalence between longitudinal and transversal modulus of elasticity values with radial (ELR; GLT) and tangential load application (ELT; GLR) in the 3 and 4-point bending tests used for their determinations. The test of equivalence used in the analysis of the results for the modulus of elasticity was the Tukey’s test, by which the statistical equivalence between values of longitudinal (ELR x ELT) and transversal (GLT x GLR) modulus of elasticity with the radial and tangential load application, respectively. It was concluded that for the species of the hardwood group: Peroba Rosa (Aspidosperma polyneuron) with 35 specimens, Eucalyptus Tereticornis (Eucalyptus tereticornis) with 33 specimens, Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril) with 28 specimens and Canafístula Peltophorum dubium) with 12 test specimens, tested in this work, there was no significant influence of the direction change of the loads on the values of the calculated modulus of elasticity.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download