Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria

Agbato Adeyinka Olamide; Agbato Oladapo Adeyemi; Olabode Hamza Olatunde; Mailafia Samuel; Lucky Onyilo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12

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Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria

Agbato Adeyinka Olamide^*

, Agbato Oladapo Adeyemi

, Olabode Hamza Olatunde

, Mailafia Samuel

, Lucky Onyilo

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 13, Issue 6)

Received: 5 August 2025 Accepted: 16 September 2025 Published: 28 November 2025

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Abstract

This study, involving 120 poultry farmers (82.00% male, 18.00% female) raising layers (63.00%), broilers (35.00%), and mixed flocks (2.00%) with sizes from 200 to 100,000 birds, investigated the interplay between knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and the occurrence of Infectious Bronchitis (IB) in poultry. A critical observation was that vaccine administration, a key preventive measure, was often entrusted to farm attendants (45.00%) who may lack adequate understanding of biological material handling, potentially leading to vaccine failure and disease spread. While 45.00% of respondents limited their IB vaccination knowledge to laying birds, 55.00% understood its relevance to all bird types. Despite 95.00% acknowledging the economic impact of IB, 48.30% did not vaccinate against IB after 3-in-1 administration, and 23.30% had no vaccination history. Although all farmers kept medication records, only 25.00% consistently screened for maternal derived antibodies, a practice crucial for effective vaccination scheduling. Furthermore, a notable portion of farmers (15.00% strongly disagreed, 5.00% disagreed) lacked knowledge regarding the importance of priming birds before 3-in-1 vaccination. The findings show a critical need for increased awareness among poultry farmers, particularly concerning comprehensive vaccination protocols for all bird types, accurate disease recognition beyond clinical signs, and the significance of practices like maternal derived antibody screening to effectively mitigate IB and its economic consequences.

Published in	Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 13, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12
Page(s)	179-185
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Vaccination, Infectious Bronchitis, Maternal Derived Antibodies, Poultry, FCT, Nigeria

References

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[2]	Adebayo, I. A., Adene, D. F., Tawe, O. M., and Durojaye, O. A. (2004). Mammalia erythrocytes indicator systems for Haemagglutination and Rapid diagnosis of ND. Trop. Vet. 22(1): 23 to 28.
[3]	Adene, D. F., A. M. Wakawa, P. A. Abdu, L. H. Lombin, H. M. Kazeem, L. Sa’idu, M. Y. Fatihu, T. Joannis, C. A. O. Adeyefa and T. U. Obi, 2006. Clinicopathological and Husbandry Features Associated with the Maiden Diagnosis of Avian Influenza in Nigeria. Nig. Vet. J., 27: 32-38.
[4]	Alexander D. J., and R. C. Jones, (2001): Paramyxoviridae. In: Jordan F., M. Pattison, D. J. Alexander, T. Faragher (ed.) Poultry Diseases, 5th edition, WB Saunders, Elsevier.
[5]	Anosa G. N., and Adene D. F., “Comparative tissue reactivity of lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease vaccines in Nigeria,” Nigerian Veterinary Journal, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 6–10, 2007.
[6]	Baba, S. S., El-Yuguda, A. D. and Abubakar, M. B. (2007). Avian influenza in Nigeria: increasing spread with potentials for endemicity. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference of the association of Institutions of Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Montpellier, France, 19-22, August, 2007, pp 129.
[7]	FAO, (2005). Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nation. Epidemiology of H5N1 Avian influenza in Asia and implications for Regional control. Morris, R. S. and R. Jackson (Eds.). Rome, Italy.
[8]	Haruna, E. S. Musa, U, Lombin, L. H. Tat, P. B., And Molokwu J. u. (1997a). Introduction of quail production in Nigeria. Nigeria Veterinary Journal 18: 104-107.
[9]	Liu, M., Guan, Y., Peiris, M., He, S., Webby, R. J., Perez, D., and Webster, R. G.(2003a). The quest of influenza A viruses for new hosts. Avian Dis 47(3 Suppl), 849-56.
[10]	Oladele S. B., Abdu P., K. A. N. Esievo, A. J. Nok, and N. M. Useh, “Prevalence of Newcastle disease virus antibodies in chickens reared in Zaria,” in Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of Nigerian Society of Animal Production, vol. 28, pp. 7–9, 2003.
[11]	Perkins, L. E. L. and D. E. Swayne, 2003. Comparative susceptibility of selected avian and mammalian species to a Hong Kong origin H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus. Avian Dis., 47: 956-967.
[12]	Senne, D. A., 2003. Avian influenza in the Western Hemisphere including the pacific Islands and Australia. Avian Dis., 47: 798 805.
[13]	Silva Lima F., E. Santin, A. C. Paulillo, L. Doretto Jr., 2004, Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) as Newcastle Disease Virus carrier. International Journal of Poultry Science 3(7), 483-484.
[14]	OIE World Organization for Animal Health. Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. 6th ed. Paris: OIE; 2008.

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APA Style

Olamide, A. A., Adeyemi, A. O., Olatunde, O. H., Samuel, M., Onyilo, L. (2025). Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 13(6), 179-185. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12

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ACS Style

Olamide, A. A.; Adeyemi, A. O.; Olatunde, O. H.; Samuel, M.; Onyilo, L. Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2025, 13(6), 179-185. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12

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AMA Style

Olamide AA, Adeyemi AO, Olatunde OH, Samuel M, Onyilo L. Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria. Anim Vet Sci. 2025;13(6):179-185. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12,
  author = {Agbato Adeyinka Olamide and Agbato Oladapo Adeyemi and Olabode Hamza Olatunde and Mailafia Samuel and Lucky Onyilo},
  title = {Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {13},
  number = {6},
  pages = {179-185},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20251306.12},
  abstract = {This study, involving 120 poultry farmers (82.00% male, 18.00% female) raising layers (63.00%), broilers (35.00%), and mixed flocks (2.00%) with sizes from 200 to 100,000 birds, investigated the interplay between knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and the occurrence of Infectious Bronchitis (IB) in poultry. A critical observation was that vaccine administration, a key preventive measure, was often entrusted to farm attendants (45.00%) who may lack adequate understanding of biological material handling, potentially leading to vaccine failure and disease spread. While 45.00% of respondents limited their IB vaccination knowledge to laying birds, 55.00% understood its relevance to all bird types. Despite 95.00% acknowledging the economic impact of IB, 48.30% did not vaccinate against IB after 3-in-1 administration, and 23.30% had no vaccination history. Although all farmers kept medication records, only 25.00% consistently screened for maternal derived antibodies, a practice crucial for effective vaccination scheduling. Furthermore, a notable portion of farmers (15.00% strongly disagreed, 5.00% disagreed) lacked knowledge regarding the importance of priming birds before 3-in-1 vaccination. The findings show a critical need for increased awareness among poultry farmers, particularly concerning comprehensive vaccination protocols for all bird types, accurate disease recognition beyond clinical signs, and the significance of practices like maternal derived antibody screening to effectively mitigate IB and its economic consequences.},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria
AU  - Agbato Adeyinka Olamide
AU  - Agbato Oladapo Adeyemi
AU  - Olabode Hamza Olatunde
AU  - Mailafia Samuel
AU  - Lucky Onyilo
Y1  - 2025/11/28
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 179
EP  - 185
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12
AB  - This study, involving 120 poultry farmers (82.00% male, 18.00% female) raising layers (63.00%), broilers (35.00%), and mixed flocks (2.00%) with sizes from 200 to 100,000 birds, investigated the interplay between knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and the occurrence of Infectious Bronchitis (IB) in poultry. A critical observation was that vaccine administration, a key preventive measure, was often entrusted to farm attendants (45.00%) who may lack adequate understanding of biological material handling, potentially leading to vaccine failure and disease spread. While 45.00% of respondents limited their IB vaccination knowledge to laying birds, 55.00% understood its relevance to all bird types. Despite 95.00% acknowledging the economic impact of IB, 48.30% did not vaccinate against IB after 3-in-1 administration, and 23.30% had no vaccination history. Although all farmers kept medication records, only 25.00% consistently screened for maternal derived antibodies, a practice crucial for effective vaccination scheduling. Furthermore, a notable portion of farmers (15.00% strongly disagreed, 5.00% disagreed) lacked knowledge regarding the importance of priming birds before 3-in-1 vaccination. The findings show a critical need for increased awareness among poultry farmers, particularly concerning comprehensive vaccination protocols for all bird types, accurate disease recognition beyond clinical signs, and the significance of practices like maternal derived antibody screening to effectively mitigate IB and its economic consequences.
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Agbato Adeyinka Olamide

Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Animal Care Service Konsult (Nig) Limited, Abuja, Nigeria

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0002-5767-0745
Agbato Oladapo Adeyemi

Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria

http://orcid.org/0009-0004-6688-7799
Olabode Hamza Olatunde

Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0749-8780
Mailafia Samuel

Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2736-4237
Lucky Onyilo

Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Animal Care Service Konsult (Nig) Limited, Abuja, Nigeria

http://orcid.org/0009-0004-8948-575X

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APA Style

Olamide, A. A., Adeyemi, A. O., Olatunde, O. H., Samuel, M., Onyilo, L. (2025). Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 13(6), 179-185. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12

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ACS Style

Olamide, A. A.; Adeyemi, A. O.; Olatunde, O. H.; Samuel, M.; Onyilo, L. Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2025, 13(6), 179-185. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12

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AMA Style

Olamide AA, Adeyemi AO, Olatunde OH, Samuel M, Onyilo L. Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria. Anim Vet Sci. 2025;13(6):179-185. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12,
  author = {Agbato Adeyinka Olamide and Agbato Oladapo Adeyemi and Olabode Hamza Olatunde and Mailafia Samuel and Lucky Onyilo},
  title = {Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {13},
  number = {6},
  pages = {179-185},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20251306.12},
  abstract = {This study, involving 120 poultry farmers (82.00% male, 18.00% female) raising layers (63.00%), broilers (35.00%), and mixed flocks (2.00%) with sizes from 200 to 100,000 birds, investigated the interplay between knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and the occurrence of Infectious Bronchitis (IB) in poultry. A critical observation was that vaccine administration, a key preventive measure, was often entrusted to farm attendants (45.00%) who may lack adequate understanding of biological material handling, potentially leading to vaccine failure and disease spread. While 45.00% of respondents limited their IB vaccination knowledge to laying birds, 55.00% understood its relevance to all bird types. Despite 95.00% acknowledging the economic impact of IB, 48.30% did not vaccinate against IB after 3-in-1 administration, and 23.30% had no vaccination history. Although all farmers kept medication records, only 25.00% consistently screened for maternal derived antibodies, a practice crucial for effective vaccination scheduling. Furthermore, a notable portion of farmers (15.00% strongly disagreed, 5.00% disagreed) lacked knowledge regarding the importance of priming birds before 3-in-1 vaccination. The findings show a critical need for increased awareness among poultry farmers, particularly concerning comprehensive vaccination protocols for all bird types, accurate disease recognition beyond clinical signs, and the significance of practices like maternal derived antibody screening to effectively mitigate IB and its economic consequences.},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria
AU  - Agbato Adeyinka Olamide
AU  - Agbato Oladapo Adeyemi
AU  - Olabode Hamza Olatunde
AU  - Mailafia Samuel
AU  - Lucky Onyilo
Y1  - 2025/11/28
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 179
EP  - 185
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12
AB  - This study, involving 120 poultry farmers (82.00% male, 18.00% female) raising layers (63.00%), broilers (35.00%), and mixed flocks (2.00%) with sizes from 200 to 100,000 birds, investigated the interplay between knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and the occurrence of Infectious Bronchitis (IB) in poultry. A critical observation was that vaccine administration, a key preventive measure, was often entrusted to farm attendants (45.00%) who may lack adequate understanding of biological material handling, potentially leading to vaccine failure and disease spread. While 45.00% of respondents limited their IB vaccination knowledge to laying birds, 55.00% understood its relevance to all bird types. Despite 95.00% acknowledging the economic impact of IB, 48.30% did not vaccinate against IB after 3-in-1 administration, and 23.30% had no vaccination history. Although all farmers kept medication records, only 25.00% consistently screened for maternal derived antibodies, a practice crucial for effective vaccination scheduling. Furthermore, a notable portion of farmers (15.00% strongly disagreed, 5.00% disagreed) lacked knowledge regarding the importance of priming birds before 3-in-1 vaccination. The findings show a critical need for increased awareness among poultry farmers, particularly concerning comprehensive vaccination protocols for all bird types, accurate disease recognition beyond clinical signs, and the significance of practices like maternal derived antibody screening to effectively mitigate IB and its economic consequences.
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
ER  -

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