Research Article
Sero-epidemiological Survey of Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease Antibodies in Japanese Quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica)
Osanyituyi
,
Shola Gabriel*,
Adebayo,
Isaac Abayomi Arogbodo,
Joseph Olowo
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
175-178
Received:
16 May 2025
Accepted:
5 June 2025
Published:
28 November 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.avs.20251306.11
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The search for alternative and cheaper sources of animal protein has led to the introduction of quails to Nigeria. However, disease outbreaks constitute a limiting factor to the achievement of this goal. The objective of this study is to investigate the role of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in the sustenance of the circulating strains of avian influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in the Nigerian domestic chicken population. One hundred and twenty-two weeks-old unvaccinated Japanese quails and 210 twelve (12) day-old embryonated eggs of these birds were purchased from a reputable research center in Nigeria. Antibody was extracted from the egg yolk for maternal antibody evaluation and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) determination following standard procedures. The serum samples obtained were screened for avian influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antibodies. Out of the 203 quail egg yolk extracts tested for the presence of HI antibodies, 3 (1.5%) and 136 (66.9%) were positive for AI and ND respectively. None of the serum samples was positive for antibodies against the two viruses. The positive egg yolk extracts yielded a minimum HI antibody titre of log23 (≥1:8). The results obtained from this investigation showed that AI (H5N2) and ND maternal antibodies were present in Japanese quails, thus establishing the potential of these birds in the epidemiology of these two viral diseases. There is the need to routinely vaccinate local chickens and Japanese quails against ND. The national herd health programme should incorporate regular flock profiling as a way of routine sero-surveillance to forestall outbreak of these two viral diseases.
Abstract: The search for alternative and cheaper sources of animal protein has led to the introduction of quails to Nigeria. However, disease outbreaks constitute a limiting factor to the achievement of this goal. The objective of this study is to investigate the role of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in the sustenance of the circulating strain...
Show More
Research Article
Understanding Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Infectious Bronchitis Disease Among Poultry Farmers in Federal Capital Territory - Nigeria
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
179-185
Received:
5 August 2025
Accepted:
16 September 2025
Published:
28 November 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.avs.20251306.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: This study, involving 120 poultry farmers (82.00% male, 18.00% female) raising layers (63.00%), broilers (35.00%), and mixed flocks (2.00%) with sizes from 200 to 100,000 birds, investigated the interplay between knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and the occurrence of Infectious Bronchitis (IB) in poultry. A critical observation was that vaccine administration, a key preventive measure, was often entrusted to farm attendants (45.00%) who may lack adequate understanding of biological material handling, potentially leading to vaccine failure and disease spread. While 45.00% of respondents limited their IB vaccination knowledge to laying birds, 55.00% understood its relevance to all bird types. Despite 95.00% acknowledging the economic impact of IB, 48.30% did not vaccinate against IB after 3-in-1 administration, and 23.30% had no vaccination history. Although all farmers kept medication records, only 25.00% consistently screened for maternal derived antibodies, a practice crucial for effective vaccination scheduling. Furthermore, a notable portion of farmers (15.00% strongly disagreed, 5.00% disagreed) lacked knowledge regarding the importance of priming birds before 3-in-1 vaccination. The findings show a critical need for increased awareness among poultry farmers, particularly concerning comprehensive vaccination protocols for all bird types, accurate disease recognition beyond clinical signs, and the significance of practices like maternal derived antibody screening to effectively mitigate IB and its economic consequences.
Abstract: This study, involving 120 poultry farmers (82.00% male, 18.00% female) raising layers (63.00%), broilers (35.00%), and mixed flocks (2.00%) with sizes from 200 to 100,000 birds, investigated the interplay between knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and the occurrence of Infectious Bronchitis (IB) in poultry. A critical observation was that va...
Show More
