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Research Article
Investigate the Radiation Safety Awareness Among Medical Workers at Government Hospital, Bo
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
1-13
Received:
3 January 2025
Accepted:
22 January 2025
Published:
11 March 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijhep.20251101.11
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Abstract: Background: Radiation safety awareness among healthcare professionals was essential to protect both workers and patients in settings where ionizing radiation is utilized, such as government hospitals. This study focuses on assessing the level of radiation safety awareness among medical staff at the Government Hospital in Bo. Methods: Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study incorporated quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews targeting a diverse group of medical workers, including doctors, radiologists, nurses, and other healthcare personnel. Results: The results indicate considerable variation in radiation safety awareness across different professional roles, with significant gaps particularly noted among nursing staff. Although many participants acknowledged the importance of radiation safety, their understanding of specific protective measures and regulations was inconsistent. Awareness levels were significantly impacted by factors such as years of experience, educational background, and availability of training opportunities. The analysis showed a highly significant difference (p <.001) in awareness levels based on educational backgrounds, with a mean difference of 1.392 (95% CI: 1.32 to 1.46). Notably, a significant disparity (p <.001) existed between the awareness levels of doctors and nurses compared to lab technicians and other healthcare workers, with a mean difference of 3.223 (95% CI: 2.99 to 3.45). Overall, the total knowledge level was found to be low, with a mean score of 2. A mere 12.3% of respondents reported consistently adhering to safety protocols, and a considerable proportion of medical professionals displayed insufficient knowledge (58.1%) and inadequate practice (63.8%). Comparatively, a Swedish survey indicated that 59% of medical staff had "low knowledge" regarding X-ray radiation. Conclusion: The study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive radiation safety training programs and the incorporation of radiation safety education into medical curricula to foster a stronger safety culture within healthcare settings. Implementing effective radiation safety workshops and conducting continuous assessments are recommended to enhance knowledge and compliance among medical workers, ultimately safeguarding healthcare personnel and patients from the risks associated with radiation exposure.
Abstract: Background: Radiation safety awareness among healthcare professionals was essential to protect both workers and patients in settings where ionizing radiation is utilized, such as government hospitals. This study focuses on assessing the level of radiation safety awareness among medical staff at the Government Hospital in Bo. Methods: Employing a mi...
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Research Article
Experimental Verification of Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Experiment Using Resonance Curve of DPPH (Diphenyl-Picryl-Hydrazyl)
Diriba Gonfa Tolasa*
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
14-28
Received:
11 March 2025
Accepted:
27 March 2025
Published:
22 April 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijhep.20251101.12
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Abstract: Electron Spin Resonance (ESR), also known as Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), is a sophisticated spectroscopic technique that provides critical insights into the electronic structure and dynamics of materials with unpaired electrons. This experiment focuses on the application of ESR to study the stable free radical Diphenyl-Picryl-Hydrazyl (DPPH), a compound widely utilized in various scientific fields due to its well-defined resonance characteristics. The primary objectives of this study were to observe the resonance curve of DPPH, determine the resonant frequency as a function of the applied magnetic field, and calculate the Landé g-factor for free electrons subjected to an external alternating magnetic field. The experimental setup involved the use of an ESR spectrometer, a microwave source, and a magnetic field source, with DPPH dissolved in a suitable solvent to create a homogeneous sample. Data collection was performed by varying the magnetic field while monitoring the intensity of the resonance signal, allowing for the construction of a resonance curve. The results indicated a clear peak in signal intensity at a specific magnetic field strength, corresponding to the resonance condition where the energy differ- ence between the electron spin states matched the energy of the microwave radiation. The analysis of the resonance curve revealed a linear relationship between the magnetic field strength and the resonant microwave frequency, consistent with theoretical predictions. The calculated Landé g-factor for the DPPH radical was found to be approximately 1.99, closely aligning with the expected value for free electrons, thus confirming the reliability of the experimental methodology. This study highlights the significance of ESR as a powerful tool for investigating paramagnetic species, providing valuable information about their electronic properties and behavior. The findings not only reinforce the fundamental principles of electron spin resonance but also pave the way for future research into the dynamics of free radicals and their implications in various scientific domains, including chemistry, biology, and materials science. Overall, the successful execution of this experiment underscores the versatility and importance of ESR in advancing our understanding of electron spin phenomena and their applications in real-world scenarios.
Abstract: Electron Spin Resonance (ESR), also known as Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), is a sophisticated spectroscopic technique that provides critical insights into the electronic structure and dynamics of materials with unpaired electrons. This experiment focuses on the application of ESR to study the stable free radical Diphenyl-Picryl-Hydrazyl (D...
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Research Article
The Impact of Stellar Winds on Galactic Evolution and Star Formation
Diriba Gonfa Tolasa*
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
29-35
Received:
5 March 2025
Accepted:
10 April 2025
Published:
29 April 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijhep.20251101.13
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Abstract: This research article explores the pivotal role of stellar winds streams of charged particles ejected from stars in shaping galactic evolution and star formation processes. Stellar winds significantly influence the interstellar medium (ISM) by injecting energy and momentum, thereby altering the thermal and dynamical state of the gas. This study synthesizes recent findings on the interaction between stellar winds and the ISM, emphasizing their critical role in regulating star formation rates, driving galactic outflows, and contributing to the chemical enrichment of galaxies. Through a comprehensive approach that integrates observational data, numerical simulations, and theoretical models, we investigate how stellar winds from massive stars, supernovae, and other stellar phenomena interact with their environments. The results indicate that stellar winds profoundly affect the lifecycle of gas within galaxies, influencing the formation of new stars and the overall evolution of galactic structures. Specifically, the energy and momentum imparted by stellar winds can compress nearby gas clouds, triggering their collapse and leading to enhanced star formation, particularly in starburst galaxies. Additionally, stellar winds drive galactic outflows, expelling gas and metals from galaxies, which has significant implications for their mass and metallicity. The material ejected by stellar winds enriches the ISM with heavy elements produced during stellar nucleosynthesis, thereby shaping the chemical evolution of galaxies. This research underscores the necessity of incorporating stellar wind effects into models of galaxy formation and evolution, as they play a crucial role in the intricate interplay between stellar activity and galactic dynamics. By leveraging advancements in observational techniques and computational astrophysics, this study aims to enhance our understanding of the complex mechanisms through which stellar winds influence cosmic evolution. Ultimately, the findings highlight the importance of stellar winds as fundamental components in the broader context of astrophysical processes, providing insights into the dynamic interplay that governs the evolution of galaxies.
Abstract: This research article explores the pivotal role of stellar winds streams of charged particles ejected from stars in shaping galactic evolution and star formation processes. Stellar winds significantly influence the interstellar medium (ISM) by injecting energy and momentum, thereby altering the thermal and dynamical state of the gas. This study syn...
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Research Article
Faint and Extended Galaxies as Probes for Understanding the Nature of Dark Matter Particles
Diriba Gonfa Tolasa*
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
36-42
Received:
24 March 2025
Accepted:
10 April 2025
Published:
29 April 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijhep.20251101.14
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Abstract: This study delves into the complex nature of dark matter, a fundamental yet poorly understood component of the universe that constitutes approximately 27% of its total mass-energy content. By focusing on faint and extended galaxies specifically dwarf galaxies and low surface brightness galaxies this research aims to elucidate the properties of dark matter particles. Utilizing a comprehensive methodology that integrates observational data from reputable astronomical surveys, including the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and the Dark Energy Survey (DES), the study investigates the relationships between the observed characteristics of these galaxies and the underlying dark matter properties. Key findings reveal that faint galaxies exhibit significantly higher mass-to-light ratios, averaging approximately M/L ≈ 20. This elevated mass-to-light ratio suggests a substantial dark matter component that is not accounted for by visible stellar matter, indicating that these galaxies possess unique structural and dynamical properties influenced by their dark matter content. The analysis of rotation curves demonstrates predominantly flat profiles across the majority of the selected galaxies, reinforcing the notion that dark matter plays a crucial role in maintaining the observed velocities of stars and gas in the outer regions of these systems. Additionally, the study derives halo mass functions that exhibit strong consistency with predictions from the cold dark matter (CDM) model, indicating that faint galaxies can effectively trace the underlying dark matter distribution in the universe. Significant correlations between galaxy morphology and dark matter density profiles were observed, with irregular galaxies showing higher dark matter concentrations. This suggests that gravitational interactions during their formation may have influenced both their structure and dark matter content. The implications of these findings extend beyond the individual characteristics of faint galaxies, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between baryonic matter and dark matter in shaping the universe. The results challenge traditional views of galaxy formation, suggesting that faint galaxies are not merely scaled-down versions of brighter galaxies but rather possess unique properties that are essential for probing dark matter.
Abstract: This study delves into the complex nature of dark matter, a fundamental yet poorly understood component of the universe that constitutes approximately 27% of its total mass-energy content. By focusing on faint and extended galaxies specifically dwarf galaxies and low surface brightness galaxies this research aims to elucidate the properties of dark...
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