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Research Article
Metabolic Function of Lactate and the Regulation and Biological Functions of Lactylation Modification
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 3, June 2026
Pages:
62-70
Received:
16 April 2026
Accepted:
21 May 2026
Published:
29 May 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.sr.20261403.11
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Views:
Abstract: Lactate has long been regarded as a metabolic end product of glycolysis. However, recent studies have revealed its multiple functions in energy supply, signal transduction, and epigenetic regulation. This article systematically reviews the production, transport, and metabolic mechanisms of lactate, with an emphasis on its biological roles in immune regulation, inflammation control, intestinal homeostasis maintenance, and tumor microenvironment remodeling. In addition, it provides an in-depth discussion of the "writers-erasers-readers" regulatory network of lactylation. Lactylation is a lactate-driven post-translational modification that occurs on both histone and non-histone proteins. Histone lactylation primarily regulates gene transcription by altering chromatin conformation and plays key roles in macrophage polarization, inflammation resolution, and tumor progression. Non-histone lactylation extensively modifies various proteins, including metabolic enzymes and transcription factors, and participates in signal transduction, immune escape, and DNA repair. The two types of lactylation exhibit significant differences in modification sites, reaction mechanisms, and functional effects, together forming an important bridge between metabolism and epigenetic regulation. Current studies suggest that targeting lactate metabolism or lactylation-related regulatory pathways holds therapeutic potential in tumors, inflammatory diseases, and metabolic disorders. Future efforts are needed to further elucidate the dynamic regulatory networks of lactylation under pathological conditions and to facilitate its clinical translation.
Abstract: Lactate has long been regarded as a metabolic end product of glycolysis. However, recent studies have revealed its multiple functions in energy supply, signal transduction, and epigenetic regulation. This article systematically reviews the production, transport, and metabolic mechanisms of lactate, with an emphasis on its biological roles in immune...
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Research Article
Network Meta-analysis of Three Kinds of Surgical Treatment of Adolescent Varicocele
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 3, June 2026
Pages:
71-78
Received:
24 April 2026
Accepted:
21 May 2026
Published:
29 May 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.sr.20261403.12
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Views:
Abstract: Objective: Comparison of the safety and efficacy of open, laparoscopic and microscopic treatments for varicocele. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane of Library, the Web of science, CNKI, WanFang databases from the beginning to December 31st 2025 were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.0 software. Results: Included in 5 studies, 1250 patients, the network meta-analysis showed that compared with OV and LV, the operation time of MV was slightly longer, and the incidence of complications and recurrence after MV was significantly lower than that of OV and LV. There is no statistical difference in the comparison of the length of hospital stay and the amount of blood loss during the operation of the two types of surgery. The results of the node analysis show that there is no statistical inconsistency (P>0.05). Conclusion: The current evidence shows the safety of the treatment of adolescent varicocele surgery On the one hand, MV may be the best choice, followed by LV, and finally OV. However, due to the uneven quality of the original studies, it is recommended that the clinical use be carefully selected. More high quality, large sample RCTs are needed for further demonstration.
Abstract: Objective: Comparison of the safety and efficacy of open, laparoscopic and microscopic treatments for varicocele. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane of Library, the Web of science, CNKI, WanFang databases from the beginning to December 31st 2025 were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials based on inclusion and exclusion criteria...
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Research Article
Research and Practice on Condition Assessment Methods for Urban Rail Transit Electromechanical Equipment
Jiong Wang*,
Zilin Xu,
Yanyan Wu
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 3, June 2026
Pages:
79-85
Received:
17 April 2026
Accepted:
21 May 2026
Published:
29 May 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.sr.20261403.13
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In recent years, the development of urban rail transit across China has entered a brand-new development stage, which has successfully transformed its development focus from extensive large-scale infrastructure construction in the early stage towards refined, efficient and high-quality daily operational management. With the continuous extension of service life of operational rail lines, coupled with diversified practical constraints including inconsistent operation and maintenance technical standards among different depots, insufficient supply channels and procurement obstacles of core and special spare parts, as well as complex and harsh on-site operating environments, various types of aging and performance degradation problems have gradually emerged in in-service rail transit equipment. These prevalent equipment defects inevitably pose potential threats to the stable and safe operation of passenger trains, and also greatly restrict the overall improvement of daily passenger travel experience and public transport service quality. Against this background, targeted regular maintenance, timely fault repair and scientific technical renovation of old equipment have become urgent practical demands. Hence, carrying out objective, systematic and rational comprehensive evaluation on the actual service condition of existing rail transit equipment is of great practical significance, which can supply solid data support and scientific decision-making basis for relevant administrative and management departments. This paper selects the platform screen door equipment of urban rail transit Line 1 in a typical city as the specific research object. By adopting combined research methods including historical operational data sorting, field actual inspection and professional performance testing, this study establishes a multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation system covering eight core indicators, namely equipment functional efficiency, operational adaptation satisfaction, management system standardization, maintenance process compatibility, operation and maintenance working status, potential risk hidden danger rectification effect, spare parts supply guarantee capacity and on-site operating environment conformity. Finally, definite targeted evaluation results and practical improvement suggestions are summarized. The established evaluation framework and technical methods in this research can offer reliable practical reference and effective technical guidance for peers and front-line staff engaged in urban rail transit facility condition assessment and daily management work.
Abstract: In recent years, the development of urban rail transit across China has entered a brand-new development stage, which has successfully transformed its development focus from extensive large-scale infrastructure construction in the early stage towards refined, efficient and high-quality daily operational management. With the continuous extension of s...
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,
Baosheng Sun
