Review Article
Multiphysics Modelling of Timber-Concrete Composite Structures: A Meta-Analysis of Material Synergies, Coupled Phenomena, and Hybrid Structural Solutions
Girmay Mengesha Azanaw*
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, March 2025
Pages:
1-8
Received:
14 May 2025
Accepted:
7 June 2025
Published:
25 June 2025
Abstract: Timber–concrete composite (TCC) structures have emerged as a sustainable and efficient solution in modern construction, combining the compressive strength of concrete with the tensile performance and ecological advantages of timber. However, their hybrid nature introduces complex modeling challenges due to the interplay between dissimilar materials and multiple physical processes. This meta-analysis provides a comprehensive review of multiphysics modeling approaches applied to TCC systems over the past two decades, synthesizing insights from 48 peer-reviewed studies. The analysis spans structural, thermal, hygric, and time-dependent behaviors to trace the development of simulation frameworks and to identify prevailing trends and persistent limitations. A key finding is the gradual shift towards integrated hygro-thermo-mechanical models, which aim to capture the coupled effects influencing long-term performance. Despite advancements, significant gaps remain, particularly in simulating interface degradation, moisture migration, and time-dependent deformation under service conditions. The review categorizes dominant material pairings and evaluates connection systems, focusing on their performance in both static and dynamic contexts. A comparative stiffness indexing method is introduced to highlight the effectiveness of various modeling strategies and material configurations. Moreover, the review underlines the growing role of digital tools, including finite element techniques and data-driven approaches, in enhancing the predictive accuracy of TCC simulations. It recommends a more unified modeling framework that integrates experimental validation, long-term monitoring data, and AI-enhanced methods to better reflect real-world complexities. The study concludes with a roadmap for future research, emphasizing the importance of robust coupling algorithms, improved interface modelling, and the adoption of hybrid computational-experimental strategies. By consolidating current knowledge and pinpointing unresolved challenges, this review offers a foundational reference for researchers and engineers seeking to advance the modelling of hybrid structural systems. It contributes to the broader goal of optimizing TCC structures for resilience, sustainability, and performance in diverse environmental conditions.
Abstract: Timber–concrete composite (TCC) structures have emerged as a sustainable and efficient solution in modern construction, combining the compressive strength of concrete with the tensile performance and ecological advantages of timber. However, their hybrid nature introduces complex modeling challenges due to the interplay between dissimilar materials...
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