-
Levels of Rheumatoid Factor in Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in Children and Its Association with Gender, Age and Parasite Density
Hien Sansan,
Yeboah Oppong Richard,
N'Guessan Koffi,
Kouacou Amah Patricia Victorine,
Adou Honoré,
Dassé Sery Romuald
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
46-51
Received:
20 September 2016
Accepted:
6 October 2016
Published:
17 December 2016
Abstract: Objectives: The rheumatoid factor (RF), like any antibody, may encounter in the body an antigenic specificity. It will then bind to an antigen by cross-reaction or an already formed immune complex. In this context, the RF may impede reactions of diagnosis with immunological principle (antigen-antibody reaction). The rheumatoid factor as well as anti-animal antibodies also reacts with the Fc portion of animal or human IgG of kits of reagents leading to false positive or false negative results. That’s the reason why we wanted to have more information about its levels and its association with gender, age and parasite density in children with falciparum malaria. Methodology: It was a prospective study about 130 children of both sexes (M / F: 73/57; mean age: 4.78 ± 3.48 years), suffering from falciparum malaria and aged from 0 to 15 years old. Those children have been included in pediatric services of the University Hospital Center of Cocody and the General Hospital of Kumasi, both, in Abidjan. Venous blood samples were collected on EDTA for blood cells count, parasite densities, and identification of Plasmodium falciparum. The other blood samples collected without EDTA were used to measure Rheumatoid Factor levels. Giemsa-stained thin and thick blood films were analyzed by microscope for plasmodium species and parasite density. Hematological parameters were determined using hematology cell counter (Sysmex KX-21N). Slide agglutination test (RF-latex) was used for qualitative and quantitative detection of Rheumatoid Factor. Statistical analysis was carried out on a computer using Excel 2007 and Statistica 7.1. For all test p-value <0.05 below was considered significant. Results: During falciparum malaria, 30% of children in this study produced RF. The mean level of RF observed in children under 5 years was higher than those whose age was ≥ 5 years but statically not significant (p = 0.07). We also found in children whose age was ≥ 5 years, negative correlation between the level of RF and parasite density, which was stronger than those under 5 years (R = - 0.53, p = 0.006 vs R = - 0.23 p = 0.013). Most of children secreting Rheumatoid Factor were males (69.23%) and had more risk than females (OR = 3.35). Conclusion: This study showed that 30% of children in falciparum malaria secreted RF. This autoantibody was associated with gender, age and parasite density.
Abstract: Objectives: The rheumatoid factor (RF), like any antibody, may encounter in the body an antigenic specificity. It will then bind to an antigen by cross-reaction or an already formed immune complex. In this context, the RF may impede reactions of diagnosis with immunological principle (antigen-antibody reaction). The rheumatoid factor as well as ant...
Show More
-
Assessment of Knowledge and Practice of Adolescent In-School Girls Towards Menstrual Hygiene Management and Determining Factors in Lucy Village of Ethiopian Great Rift Valley, 2016
Bacha Kitesa,
Tadesse Getahun,
Kasim Wako
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
52-63
Received:
18 October 2016
Accepted:
2 November 2016
Published:
17 December 2016
Abstract: The issue of menstrual hygiene is inadequately acknowledged and has not received proper attention. Furthermore, It has not gained policy or program support. On the other hand, lack of adequate, safe and private sanitation facilities increase the suffering of pubescent school girls from health and psychosocial problems associated with the indignity experienced due to lack of a suitable place to change and dispose pads. Due to this, girls resort to use unhygienic practice or staying at home while on menstruation which affects their school attendance and performance rates. The main objective of this study was to assess knowledge and practice of adolescent school girls towards menstrual hygiene and its determining factors in Boset district, East shewa zone, Oromia regional state of Ethiopia. School based cross sectional study was employed and a multistage sampling technique was used to select 430 female high school students. Data collection was carried out from March 02-30, 2016 using pretested self administered questionnaire, Interview guideline and Focus group discussion (FGD). Data were entered, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Finally Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done at 95% confidence interval to assess independent effect of the predictors on the outcome variable. In this study, 305(70.9%) and 302(70.2%) have good knowledge and practice of menstrual hygiene, respectively. There is significant positive association between in school girls knowledge about menstruation and menstrual hygiene with their educational status [(AOR)=1.5, 95%(C. I)=(3.7-6.8)] as well as with their mothers' and senior sisters’ educational status [AOR=3.13, (95% CI)=1.32-7.37)]. Nevertheless, educational status of the respondents [AOR=2.844, 95% CI=(1.355-5.97)] and access to WASH facilities [AOR=2.54, 95% CI=(1.355-5.97)] showed significant association with their practice toward menstrual hygiene. Majority of students have good knowledge and practice towards menstrual hygiene and its management. Similar result were discovered from the FGD and observation conducted in the study. Therefore, students need to be counseled on menstrual hygiene management. Further, gender inclusive water and toilet facility should be offered in the schools.
Abstract: The issue of menstrual hygiene is inadequately acknowledged and has not received proper attention. Furthermore, It has not gained policy or program support. On the other hand, lack of adequate, safe and private sanitation facilities increase the suffering of pubescent school girls from health and psychosocial problems associated with the indignity ...
Show More
-
HLA Alloantibodies in Multiparous Women at Abidjan
N’guessan Koffi,
Akre Dagra Paul,
Dasse Sery Romuald,
Gobey Richard Arthur,
Fizet Dominique,
Seka Seka Joseph,
Sombo Mambo François
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
64-67
Received:
4 October 2016
Accepted:
23 November 2016
Published:
29 December 2016
Abstract: Serum of multiparous women can contain HLA polyclonal antibodies which can be used as reagents for serological typing of HLA class I and class II. The aim of this study was to investigate an alloimmunization of multiparous women and to identify HLA polyclonal antibodies which could be useful as laboratory reagents in view of the future HLA unit of the Department of Immunology at Abidjan. In an experimental and analytic study, we screened HLA antibodies using microlymphocytotoxicity test on sera of 121 multiparous women aged from 18 to 70 years old, in apparent good health, transfused or no-transfused and with at least two parities. 37.19% of the multiparous women were alloimmunized. 13 women were sensitized to HLA class I, 18 to HLA class II and 14 were both sensitized to class I and class II. Specificity of the screened antibodies was identified at 17.78%. HLA-B7 specificity (Class I) was 37.5% and class II specificity (HLA-DR4, DR7, DR13, DR13+14, DRw52) was 62.5%. Specificity was evaluated by the correlation coefficient. For class I specificity correlation coefficients were ranged from 0.79 to 1, while for class II specificities, correlation coefficients were ranged from 0.54 to 0.9. Screening of HLA antibodies on multiparous women at Abidjan was positive and specificities were determined. This enabled authors to the possibility of using multiparous women sera as a source of production of polyclonal antibodies for serological HLA typing in the HLA unit of the Department of Immunology at Abidjan.
Abstract: Serum of multiparous women can contain HLA polyclonal antibodies which can be used as reagents for serological typing of HLA class I and class II. The aim of this study was to investigate an alloimmunization of multiparous women and to identify HLA polyclonal antibodies which could be useful as laboratory reagents in view of the future HLA unit of ...
Show More
-
Prevalence of Anti-A and Anti-B Haemolysins in Group O Blood Donors at the National Blood Transfusion Center of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
Goran-Kouacou Amah Patricia Victorine,
Siransy Kouabla Liliane,
Adou Adjoumanvoulé Honoré,
Yéboah Oppong Richard,
Guina Denise Affoué Blassonny,
Sékongo Yassongui Mamadou,
N’Guessan Koffi,
Dassé Séry Romuald
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
68-72
Received:
11 December 2016
Accepted:
26 December 2016
Published:
18 January 2017
Abstract: ABO blood-group system is characterized by the constant presence in the plasma of natural anti-A and anti-B antibodies (regular, agglutinating, class IgM) corresponding to the antigens absent on the membrane of the red blood cell. In addition to these natural antibodies, there may be immune antibodies (called haemolysins) in response to different types of immunological stimuli. These anti-A and anti-B haemolysins are capable of triggering the complete cascade of complement leading to haemolytic accidents in the case of non-isogroup ABO transfusion. Our objective was to determine the frequency of IgG anti-A, anti-B and anti-A + B haemolysins in group O blood donors at the national blood transfusion center of Abidjan. Our retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the national blood transfusion center of Abidjan and that investigated anti-A, anti-B and anti-A + B haemolysins in the sera of 191 group O blood donnors, aged 18-65 years, using the heat technique with direct agglutination of the serum to be tested by red blood cells A1 and B papained. The prevalence of IgG haemolysins was 35.08% (10.47% anti-A, 15.71% anti-B and 8.9% anti-A + B). The average age of our population was 32,9 years [18-63 years] with a male / female sex ratio of 4.97. Haemolysin levels were higher in men (27.75%) than in women (7.33%) (not a significant difference, p= 0.44). Age distribution showed a high haemolysin level in the 25-29 age group (significant difference, p = 0.001), with variable rate ranging from 2.1% to 6.3%. Ideally, group O blood should only be transfused to group O subjects, except in emergency situations where iso-group blood is not available. Since the technique used in our study to investigated haemolysins was a qualitative method, we could not have the title of the various haemolysins in order to assess the real risk of an immunological accident after such a blood transfusion.
Abstract: ABO blood-group system is characterized by the constant presence in the plasma of natural anti-A and anti-B antibodies (regular, agglutinating, class IgM) corresponding to the antigens absent on the membrane of the red blood cell. In addition to these natural antibodies, there may be immune antibodies (called haemolysins) in response to different t...
Show More
-
The Relationship Between Serum Level of Interleukin-10 and State of the Disease with Atopic Dermatitis and Helminth in Children
Farida Tabri,
Mochammad Hatta,
Khaeruddin Djawad,
Siswanto Wahab,
Ilhamjaya Patellongi
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
73-77
Received:
8 December 2016
Accepted:
20 December 2016
Published:
19 January 2017
Abstract: Background: IL-10 is an antiinflammatory cytokine. During infection it inhibits the activity of Th1 cells, NK cells, and macrophages. Regulatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been proposed as a key molecule involved in the attenuation of helminth infection and chronic inflammation, such as atopic dermatitis. The maintenance of the asymptomatic state is now recognized as reflecting an immunoregulatory environment, which may be promoted by parasites, and involves multiple levels of host regulatory cells and cytokines; currently, there is much interest in whether helminth-associated immune regulation may ameliorate allergy and autoimmunity. The objective of this study was to measure the IL-10 level in healthy person, atopic dermatitis, helminth infection and healthy persons. Methods: Levels of IL-10 was measured by ELISA technique. Kato-Katz method is used to determine the number of eggs of helminth. Results: Our study showed that those aged > 5 years old and helminth infection without atopic dermatitis had higher levels of IL-10 (3.05 ± 2.44) which was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in children whose atopic dermatitis without the helminth infection (1.76 ± 2.72). We found that increased levels of IL-10 in helminth infection (3.05 ± 2.44) higher than healthy subjects (1.72 ± 1.74); but not statistically significant (p = 0.072). The level of IL-10 did not have significant relationship either at age ≤ 5 years old and > 5 years old in others group. Also, no correlation between egg count of helminth and level of IL-10 in serum. Conclusion: The serum of IL-10 was significantly higher in children > 5 years with helminth infection without atopic dermatitis than children with atopic dermatitis.
Abstract: Background: IL-10 is an antiinflammatory cytokine. During infection it inhibits the activity of Th1 cells, NK cells, and macrophages. Regulatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been proposed as a key molecule involved in the attenuation of helminth infection and chronic inflammation, such as atopic dermatitis. The maintenance of the asymptomati...
Show More
