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Carcass Characteristics, Internal Organs and Economics of Feeding Sun-Dried Yellow Cashew Pulp Based Diets to West African Dwarf Goats
U. Okpanachi,
J. A. Ayoade,
C. D. Tuleun
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3-1, June 2016
Pages:
1-6
Received:
19 January 2016
Accepted:
19 January 2016
Published:
4 June 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.avs.s.2016040301.11
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Abstract: The carcass characteristics, internal organs and economics of feeding sun-dried cashew pulp based diets to West African Dwarf (WAD) Goats were studied. Twenty growing goats of about 6-7 months, having an average initial weight of 6.42kg were randomly assigned to the treatments; each treatment had five experimental units. Four diets containing 0 (control), 10, 20 and 30% dried yellow cashew pulp coded as T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively, were compared. Completely randomized design was used in all the experiments. Data obtained were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and means that were significantly different were separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD). None of the carcass and internal organ parameter was significantly affected (P > 0.05) by the inclusion of sun-dried cashew pulp meal. Total feed cost and total variable cost were highly significantly affected (P < 0.01) and feed cost per kg, total feed cost and total variable cost of production reduced as the inclusion level of sun-dried cashew pulp increased from 0% (control) – 30%. This study indicated that sun-dried cashew pulp can be fed to WAD goats up to 30% level of inclusion in diets without an adverse effect on them. Inclusion of cashew pulp sun-dried to the tone of 30% will also provide a cheaper source of feed and also help to reduce environmental pollution since the study area in known to be the highest cashew producing state in Nigeria and the pulp unlike the seed are left to waste during its season.
Abstract: The carcass characteristics, internal organs and economics of feeding sun-dried cashew pulp based diets to West African Dwarf (WAD) Goats were studied. Twenty growing goats of about 6-7 months, having an average initial weight of 6.42kg were randomly assigned to the treatments; each treatment had five experimental units. Four diets containing 0 (co...
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Effects of Feeding Sun-Dried Yellow Cashew Pulp Based Diets on Performance, Dry Matter and Nutrient Digestibility of West African Dwarf Goats
Okpanachi U.,
Oyewole B. O.,
Egbu C. F.,
Ganiyu O. Y.
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3-1, June 2016
Pages:
7-12
Received:
19 January 2016
Accepted:
19 January 2016
Published:
4 June 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.avs.s.2016040301.12
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Abstract: A study was conducted to study the effects of feeding sun-dried cashew pulp based diets on performance, dry matter and nutrient digestibility of West African dwarf goats. Twenty growing goats of about 6-7 months, having an average initial weight of 6.42kg were randomly assigned to the treatments; each treatment had five experimental units. Four diets containing 0 (control), 10, 20 and 30% dried yellow cashew pulp coded as T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively, were compared. Completely randomized design was used in all the experiments. Data obtained were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and means that were significantly different were separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD). None of the performance parameter was significantly affected (P > 0.05) by the inclusion of sun-dried cashew pulp meal. However, crude fibre and ether extract were significantly affected (P < 0.05) by the inclusion of sun-dried yellow cashew pulp. This study indicated that sun-dried cashew pulp can be fed to WAD goats up to 30% level of inclusion in diets without an adverse effect on them. Inclusion of cashew pulp sun-dried to the tone of 30% will also provide a cheaper source of feed and also help to reduce environmental pollution since the study area is known to be the highest cashew producing state in Nigeria and the pulp unlike the seed are left to waste during its season. The use of cashew pulp in livestock diet is therefore advocated.
Abstract: A study was conducted to study the effects of feeding sun-dried cashew pulp based diets on performance, dry matter and nutrient digestibility of West African dwarf goats. Twenty growing goats of about 6-7 months, having an average initial weight of 6.42kg were randomly assigned to the treatments; each treatment had five experimental units. Four die...
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Effect of Diets Containing Graded Levels of Eggshell Meal on Bone Parameters, Organ Weights and By-products of Growing West African Dwarf Goats
Ode C.O.,
Addass P. A.,
Dim N. I
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3-1, June 2016
Pages:
13-17
Received:
2 April 2016
Accepted:
6 April 2016
Published:
4 June 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.avs.s.2016040301.13
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Abstract: A 12 week trial was conducted to investigate the effect of incorporating eggshell meal (ESM) at graded levels into the diets of West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks as a calcium source. Bone strength as well as other bone measurements, organ and by-products weights were evaluated. Twenty (20) WAD bucks weighing 5.7kg on the average were caged individually inside a conventional open-sided house. The bucks were randomly divided into four (4) groups, each group consisting of five (5) animals. The animals in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were provided with diets containing 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% ESM respectively with group 1 serving as the control. The animals were given known quantity of supplementary feed, forage (Andropogon gayanus corn) and water between 8 and 9am every morning. Two animals were randomly selected from each group and slaughtered for carcass analysis after which a pair of their femur bones was removed for bone measurements and strength test using the Universal testing machine. Results showed that increase in the level of ESM inclusion across treatments yielded significant variability (P<0.05) on the bones Nominal diameter, Actual Length, Gauge Length and Breaking strength. The Weight of the bones also varied significantly (P<0.01) but non-significant difference was observed on Area of the bones. The organ weights (Heart, Liver, Kidney, Lungs and Spleen) did not show significant variability (P>0.05) across treatments. The horns weight varied significantly (P<0.05) but the other by-products weights (Hooves, Gastro intestinal tract full and empty as well as Abdominal fats) did not vary significantly (P>0.05) across the treatments. It was therefore concluded that growing WAD bucks can tolerate the inclusion of 1.5% properly sterilized ESM in their diet as source of Ca with no detrimental effect on bone parameters, organ and By-products weights.
Abstract: A 12 week trial was conducted to investigate the effect of incorporating eggshell meal (ESM) at graded levels into the diets of West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks as a calcium source. Bone strength as well as other bone measurements, organ and by-products weights were evaluated. Twenty (20) WAD bucks weighing 5.7kg on the average were caged individuall...
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Carcass Characteristics of Growing West African Dwarf Goats Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels of Steam-Treated Cashew Nut Shell
Ocheja J. O.,
Ayoade J. A.,
Attah S.,
Netala J.,
Ocheni J.,
Oyibo A.
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3-1, June 2016
Pages:
18-22
Received:
13 April 2016
Accepted:
14 April 2016
Published:
4 June 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.avs.s.2016040301.14
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Abstract: Twenty (20) West African dwarf backs were used to investigate the effects of diets containing graded levels of cashew nutshell on carcass characteristics. The goats were randomly allotted to five (5) treatments of four (4) goats each, the goats were fed the supplement containing 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% cashew nut shell for T1, and T2, T3 and T4 respectively, at 100g / goat/day. The experiment lasted for 100 days after an adjustment period of 14 days. On the last day of the feeding trial three (3) goats each were slaughtered per treatment and carcass yield, whole sale cuts and organo-leptic properties evaluated. Completely randomized experimental design was used and data were analysed using a one way analysis of Variance. Treatment means were separated using least significant difference with the aid of SPSS (2006) 16th version. The dressing percentage ranged from 53.14% (T3) to 57.54% (T1) but was not significantly (p >0.05) different. There were significant (p >0.05) differences in the values for slaughter weight, dressed weight and meat to bone ratio. The values did not follow any definite trend. There was no significant (p >0.05) difference in the relative weight of the head; neck, thigh, shoulder, Ribs, back and Belly. The values for flavor ranged from 3.8 (T1) to 4.0 (T2, T3andT4) but were not significantly (p >0.05) different. The values for juiciness, tenderness, leanness, palatability and overall carcass quality showed significant differences. It was concluded that goats in T2 (10% level of inclusion of cashew nut shell) had the best carcass characteristics. Further research using other species of ruminants like sheep and cattle was suggested.
Abstract: Twenty (20) West African dwarf backs were used to investigate the effects of diets containing graded levels of cashew nutshell on carcass characteristics. The goats were randomly allotted to five (5) treatments of four (4) goats each, the goats were fed the supplement containing 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% cashew nut shell for T1, and T2, T3 and T4 respec...
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