Situation of Rabies in the Republic of Chad
Bidjeh Kebkiba,
Mahamat Ouagal,
Mahamat Makoundji Kourdina,
Naïssengar Kemdongarti,
Rollande Mindekem,
Oussiguéré Assandi
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
52-56
Received:
1 June 2017
Accepted:
12 June 2017
Published:
17 July 2017
Abstract: Known since the highest antiquity, rabies is a viral, mortal disease. Rabies affects all mammals, including humans, and is a threat to both public and animal health. Rabies is therefore a zoonosis. Rabies is caused by a virus belonging to the family Rhabdoviridae and gender lyssavirus. Rabies virus is an enveloped virus presenting in an electron microscopy as a shell. It is a viral disease that is characterized by encephalitis. It is poorly controlled and even increasing in many countries in Africa and Asia. In Chad, rabies is enzootic, and its diagnosis is only possible at the Veterinary and Zootechnical Research Laboratory of Farcha (LRVZ), the current Livestock Research Institute for Development (IRED). In intertropical Africa, rabies is urban; it is carried by dogs that represent the reservoir of the wild virus and the vector of the disease in humans because of the close ties they keep with humans. Other domestic animals do not intervene much. This manuscript describes the evolution of the epidemiological situation of rabies in the Republic of Chad and the results of the studies carried out in this field from 1990 to date. The results of the mass and free vaccination campaigns undertaken in 2003, 2012 and 2013 gave a vaccination coverage rate of 78, 70.83 and 71% respectively; On the other hand, the mass and paid vaccination campaign gave a vaccination coverage rate of 23%. Thanks to the results of the two mass vaccination campaigns for dogs and other companion animals, the incidence of rabies in N'Djamena drops from four (4) new cases per month in 2012 to less than two cases per month in 2014. Although efforts were made to control the diease, the existing data on canine rabies in Chad are fragmentary and do not allow accurate description of the disease situation throughout the country. To effectively control rabies in Chad, mass vaccination campaign for dogs and other companion animals must be free of charge throughout the all national territory, since the fight against rabies is a public good, an ethical imperative that can contribute to the fight against poverty. Emphasis should therefore be put on raising public awareness by using all possible means, such as radio, television, newspapers and awareness-raising meetings.
Abstract: Known since the highest antiquity, rabies is a viral, mortal disease. Rabies affects all mammals, including humans, and is a threat to both public and animal health. Rabies is therefore a zoonosis. Rabies is caused by a virus belonging to the family Rhabdoviridae and gender lyssavirus. Rabies virus is an enveloped virus presenting in an electron mi...
Show More
Study on the on-Farm Post-Natal Nutritional Status of Red Chittagong Cows in Selected Breeding Habitat of Satkania Upazila of Chittagong District of Bangladesh
Md. Asaduzzaman,
Md. Ruhul Amin,
Khan Shahidul Huque
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
57-62
Received:
29 May 2017
Accepted:
15 June 2017
Published:
20 July 2017
Abstract: The aim of the on farm feeding trials was to investigate the post-natal nutritional status of Red Chittagong (RC) cows. Farmers who had at least one post-natal RC cow were involved in this study. A total of ten farmers were randomly selected. The study was carried out in Satkania Upazila of Chittagong district of Bangladesh for a period of six months from July 2010 to December 2010. Immediately after calving ten post-natal RC cows from each of 10 farmers between 2 and 3 parities were selected in this experiment. The offered feeds and leftover feeds were weighted and recorded daily. The cows and calves were weighed individually at weekly interval by using portable digital weighing balance and recorded. The milking was done by hand milking. The milk yield of ten cows was measured immediately after milking and recorded regularly. The milk yield in morning and afternoon were considered as daily milk yield in kg. The average total dry matter, metabolizable energy and crude protein intake were 3.53 kg, 27.56 MJ and 281 g per cow per day, respectively, whereas, the average total DM, ME and CP requirements were 5.11 kg, 39.88 MJ and 465g, per cow per day, respectively. The requirement was higher than the intake. The DM, ME and CP were deficit by 1.58 kg, 12.32 MJ and 184 g per cow per day, respectively. The average daily live weight loss of cows was 12 g. The average daily milk yield of RC cows was 2.45 kg. The milk fat was 4.15 g per 100g milk. The nutritional status of post-natal Red Chittagong cows was negative balance. Consequently, their production performances are affected. Therefore, the farmers feeding system is urgent to improve.
Abstract: The aim of the on farm feeding trials was to investigate the post-natal nutritional status of Red Chittagong (RC) cows. Farmers who had at least one post-natal RC cow were involved in this study. A total of ten farmers were randomly selected. The study was carried out in Satkania Upazila of Chittagong district of Bangladesh for a period of six mont...
Show More