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The Efficacy of Salinomycin Against Experimentally Infected Broiler Chickens with Field Isolates of Eimeria tenella in Khartoum State, Sudan
Mortada Mahgoub Osman Elhassan,
Mona Abdelrahman Mohamed Khaier,
Elgailani Ali Elamin
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
71-75
Received:
13 June 2020
Accepted:
28 June 2020
Published:
13 July 2020
Abstract: Administration of feed-based anticoccidials, as preventive measure, is one of the great successes in disease control for the ever-expanding poultry industry. The present study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of salinomycin medication against experimental infection with Eimeria tenella isolated from a local farm in Khartoum, Sudan. Forty-five one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomized into 3 equal sets (control, infected, and medicated treatment groups). Infection was established by inoculating each of 36 birds with 1×105 sporulated oocysts when they were 24 days old. After 6 days, 9 birds of each group were bled for sera and sacrificed for post mortem examination. Birds of infected non-medicated group developed caecal lesions typical of E. tenella infection. Birds of salinomycin treatment at the concentration of 60 gm/ton of feed had highly diminished lesion scores (0.33) compared to infected non-medicated bird (3.00). Packed cell volume (PCV), triglycerides and cholesterol in birds medicated with salinomycin did not show marked difference as compared to broilers in negative control. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the levels of total protein and the concentration of calcium and phosphorus amongst experimental groups. It is concluded that salinomycin averted the negative impact of coccidiosis caused by E. tenella on broiler chicks; indicating that it could be recommended for establishing an efficient coccidian control programs under Sudan conditions.
Abstract: Administration of feed-based anticoccidials, as preventive measure, is one of the great successes in disease control for the ever-expanding poultry industry. The present study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of salinomycin medication against experimental infection with Eimeria tenella isolated from a local farm in Khartoum, Sudan. Forty-five one-d...
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Carcass Yield and Sensory Evaluation of Meat from Rabbits Fed Some Browse Plants Supplemented with a Concentrate Diet
Usman Grace Ojali,
Netela Jibrin,
Omale Yusuf Zainab,
Omada Unekwuojo Juliet,
Lamido Mohammed,
Dauda Adamu Nuhu,
Abalaka Ezra Onuh
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
76-79
Received:
29 April 2020
Accepted:
10 June 2020
Published:
5 August 2020
Abstract: Sixteen (16) male Rabbits were allotted into four (4) dietary treatments of four Rabbits each. They were fed concentrate diet and Bamboo, Senna, Gmelina and Teak leaves for 42 days, water was served ad-libitum, at the end of the feeding period 2 rabbits from each treatment were slaughtered and used for the evaluation of carcass yield and sensory properties All the values for carcass yield showed significant (P<0.05) difference across the treatment means, values for dressing percentage ranged from 51.50- 58%, while that for meat to bone ratio had a range of 2.80- 3.50. Values for Juiciness, palatability and over all meat quality were significantly (p<0.05) different across the treatment means. Flavor, tenderness and leanness were however not significant (p>0.05) T1 (Bamboo) had the best value for overall meat quality with a score of 16.6. It was concluded that the browse species significantly (p<0.05) influenced, the carcass yield and sensory properties of the rabbit meat. T1 (bamboo) had the best values for carcass yield and sensory properties. Bamboo was therefore recommended for rabbit feeding for improved carcass yield and sensory properties.
Abstract: Sixteen (16) male Rabbits were allotted into four (4) dietary treatments of four Rabbits each. They were fed concentrate diet and Bamboo, Senna, Gmelina and Teak leaves for 42 days, water was served ad-libitum, at the end of the feeding period 2 rabbits from each treatment were slaughtered and used for the evaluation of carcass yield and sensory pr...
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Scrotal Morphometric Properties of Yearling West African Dwarf Goats Fed Cashew Nut Shell Based Diets
Ocheja Josiah Omachi,
Torhemen Micheal,
Abalaka Ezra Onuh,
Akinleye Sule Bamidele,
Shaibu Peace Ojochide,
Ali Peter Anyo,
Faruna Samuel Sule,
Odiba Arome Abdulkadir
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
80-83
Received:
4 June 2020
Accepted:
3 July 2020
Published:
5 August 2020
Abstract: Sixteen (16) yearling male West African dwarf goats were allotted into four (4) treatment of four goats each. The goats were fed diets containing varying levels of cashew nutshell 0% (T1, control), 10%(T2), 15% (T3) and 20%(T4) at 150g per goat per day and Guinea grass at 500g per goat per day for sixty three (63) days, to determine the effects of cashew nut shell based diets on the scrotal morphometric characteristics of the Goats. The scrotal morphometric measurements were taken before the commencement of the experiment and again on the last day of the experiment. The daily forage intake, and daily dry matter intake values were both significantly different, the daily supplement intake values were not significantly different. The values for final scrotal length, and circumference, were not significant. The final scrotal circumference (14.40–16-50 cm) showed significant (p<0.05) difference, the values for increase in scrotal length were slightly significant (p<0.05) and did not follow any definite trend, values for scrotal weight ranged from 48.90–66.80g and showed significant (p<0.05) differences with T2. having the highest the right and left testicular weights were both significantly (P.<0.05) different. It was there for concluded that the diets containing cashew nut shell had better scrotal morphometric values the control, with T2 (10% cashew nut shell) being the best. The inclusion of cashew nut shell in diets for Goats at 10% level was therefore recommended. Further research using other breeds and classes of goats as well as other species of ruminants were also recommended.
Abstract: Sixteen (16) yearling male West African dwarf goats were allotted into four (4) treatment of four goats each. The goats were fed diets containing varying levels of cashew nutshell 0% (T1, control), 10%(T2), 15% (T3) and 20%(T4) at 150g per goat per day and Guinea grass at 500g per goat per day for sixty three (63) days, to determine the effects of ...
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Review on the Effect of Handling, Slaughtering Process and Transport on Welfare of Animals and Meat Quality in Ethiopia
Geleta Gobena,
Diribe Kumsa
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
84-92
Received:
28 June 2020
Accepted:
24 July 2020
Published:
13 August 2020
Abstract: The current review was initiated to encourage the government of Ethiopia, stakeholders, and policymakers about the substantial effects of handling, slaughtering process, and transportation on welfare and meat quality of farm animals of animals. In Ethiopia, until this review was made, there is no comprehensive legislation, rules, or regulations articulated for farm animals’ welfare during rearing, transport, and slaughter. Hence, the welfare of animals was not taken into consideration and often constrained by high levels of poverty, cultural perceptions and beliefs, lack of training and knowledge of animal handling, inadequate transport, and slaughter facilities. The most common farm animal transport system was on the foot from a rural area to a nearby market and then by vehicle to the urban area. During transport, farm animals were exposed to several potential stressors like trip distance, design of vehicle, animal standing orientation, loading and unloading facilities, and temperature fluctuations that affect the welfare, quality, and shelf life of meat and meat products. Aversive ways of handling farm animals, including improper use of sticks, pushing, pulling, and beating them on their head and body frequently by handlers and slaughtering them without stunning, were common practices. This aversive way of handling also causes carcass damage such as bruising, hemorrhages, skin blemishes, blood splash, and broken bones. Therefore, from this review, it has been recommended that, in order to improve animal welfare and thereby meat quality that has been affected by improper handling, transport, and slaughter, the government of Ethiopia is strongly encouraged to endorse inclusive animal welfare jurisdictive acts that would protect animal sentience, define animal welfare in line with OIE standards, and prohibit animal brutality. Creating awareness for stakeholders, particularly for handlers about behavioral principles, proper handling of farm animals, basic concept and role of good animal welfare, and its significant impact on the quality of meat is also imperative.
Abstract: The current review was initiated to encourage the government of Ethiopia, stakeholders, and policymakers about the substantial effects of handling, slaughtering process, and transportation on welfare and meat quality of farm animals of animals. In Ethiopia, until this review was made, there is no comprehensive legislation, rules, or regulations art...
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Platelet and Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 Concentrations in Platelet-rich Plasma in Dogs
Inmaculada Peris,
Blanca Esquembre,
Jose Ignacio Redondo,
Vicente Jose Sifre,
Carme Soler,
Claudio Ivan Serra
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
93-95
Received:
20 July 2020
Accepted:
5 August 2020
Published:
19 August 2020
Abstract: Platelet-rich plasma showed good results in tissue healing when first used in human medicine. After that, its use spread to veterinary medicine. However, there is no standardized method for manual collection of platelet – rich plasma in the canine species. The objectives of this study were to standardize a protocol to obtain platelet – rich plasma (PRP) with high concentration of platelets and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF – β1) without the presence of erythrocytes and leukocytes; and to relate the presence of TGF – β1 with the amount of platelets. For this purpose, there were obtained two blood samples separated one week between each other, from eleven healthy Beagles. Blood samples were centrifuged using different protocols: protocol A (one centrifuge, 210 g and 10 minutes), protocol B (double centrifuge, first one 210 g and 10 minutes, second one 210 g and 15 minutes) and protocol C (one centrifuge, 475 g and 8 minutes). Three plasma fractions were obtained through these protocols: a platelet-rich fraction, a platelet-poor fraction and whole blood. The content of leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets was measured in the whole blood and plasma rich and poor fractions of the protocol A, B and C. The TGF – β1 concentration was measured in the platelet rich and poor fraction of A and B protocols. The results showed a higher concentration of platelets and TGF – β1 in protocol A. In conclusion, this study offers an economical and reproducible method for obtaining PRP in the canine specie.
Abstract: Platelet-rich plasma showed good results in tissue healing when first used in human medicine. After that, its use spread to veterinary medicine. However, there is no standardized method for manual collection of platelet – rich plasma in the canine species. The objectives of this study were to standardize a protocol to obtain platelet – rich plasma ...
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