Evaluation of Rumen Filtrate for Fermentation of Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peel in Rabbit Feed
Oluwabiyi Ikeolu Atanda Oluremi,
Ejeh Emmanuel Ajih,
Winifred Anthony
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2018
Pages:
1-5
Received:
4 September 2017
Accepted:
8 October 2017
Published:
17 January 2018
Abstract: Feeding accounts for about 70% of the total cost of non-ruminant animal production in Nigeria. A ninety-one day feeding trial was conducted using thirty (30), 6-7 week old mixed breed weaner rabbits at the Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria from October 10, 2015 to January 9, 2016. The objective was to determine the potential of filtrate from rumen content mixed with water, to improve the nutritive value of Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel by fermentation in rabbit production. The filtrate was obtained from the rumen content of cattle and drinking water mixed in equal ratio of 1:1. The filtrate was added to 5kg each of freshly collected sweet orange peel in ratio 1:5 (T1), 2:5 (T2), 3:5 (T3), 4:5 (T4) and 5:5 (T5). Each was mixed thoroughly, put in polythene bags and sealed on top, left under shade of tree to ferment for 24hrs, and thereafter sun-dried. Each of these was milled and used to replace maize in a practical rabbit diet (D) at 30% level. Five rabbits each, individually housed in a rabbit hutch and each serving as a replicate were randomly assigned to and fed diets D, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5. The experimental diets had significant effect (p<0.05) on the final live body weight and daily body weight gain with rabbits in treatment T5 having superior weights of 1928.00 g and 15.85 g, respectively. The diets had no significant effect (p>0.05) on percent live weight of liver, kidney, lung, heart and spleen and, on the coefficient of digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract, nitrogen free extract and total digestible nutrient. Of the carcass yield indicators; dressing weight, fore limb, hind limb and loin, the experimental diets significantly affected (p<0.05) only the loin, with the rabbits in T5 having a comparatively higher weight. The result obtained showed that, rumen filtrate obtained from a mixture of the rumen content of cattle and water at ratio 1:1, when mixed with sweet orange peel atratio 5:5 can be used to ferment sweet orange peel to improve its nutritive value for maize replacement at 30% in rabbit feed.
Abstract: Feeding accounts for about 70% of the total cost of non-ruminant animal production in Nigeria. A ninety-one day feeding trial was conducted using thirty (30), 6-7 week old mixed breed weaner rabbits at the Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria from October 10, 2015 to January 9, 2016. The objective was to determine the potential of fil...
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Validation of Age at Puberty of Nigerian Bitches
Obudu Christopher Ese,
Awodi Daniel Adejo,
Ubah Simon Azubuike,
Columbus Philemon Kwinjoh,
Abah Kenneth Owoicho
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2018
Pages:
6-11
Received:
25 October 2017
Accepted:
17 November 2017
Published:
18 January 2018
Abstract: The age at puberty of Nigerian dogs around the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja was determined in order to validate earlier reports from other parts of Nigeria and to provide additional information for canine reproductive research. 16 pre-pubertal female dogs were purchased from different dog markets and households within the FCT. They were housed in cages in groups of four and allowed to acclimatise for two weeks, during which time they were treated against external and internal parasitic infections until they were clinically free from disease. They were also vaccinated against common diseases such as rabies, distemper, leptospirosis, parvo and hepatitis using standard vaccines and fed twice daily with household meals. They were then observed daily for the onset of puberty through behavioural changes, haematology and vaginal cytology. All the dogs attained puberty between eight and thirteen months of age. Dog owners are therefore advised to be properly guided to prepare for the bloody discharge that is associated with onset of reproductive cyclicity. There is also need for patience as many dogs in this environment attain puberty at a later age than exotic breeds.
Abstract: The age at puberty of Nigerian dogs around the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja was determined in order to validate earlier reports from other parts of Nigeria and to provide additional information for canine reproductive research. 16 pre-pubertal female dogs were purchased from different dog markets and households within the FCT. They were h...
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Developing Integrated Crop-Livestock Farming System as a Strategy for Green Growth in Low Income Countries: A Brief Review
Julian Witjaksono,
Suharyanto,
Rita Indrasti
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2018
Pages:
12-16
Received:
13 March 2017
Accepted:
17 December 2017
Published:
26 January 2018
Abstract: Today, low income countries around the world are promoting sustainable development through sustainable agricultural practices which will help them in addressing socio economic as well as environmental issues simultaneously. Integrated farming systems hold special position as in this system nothing is wasted, the byproduct of one system becomes the input for other. A green growth approach is the chance for emerging and developing countries to leapfrog unsustainable and inefficient production and consumption patterns. This paper explores crop-livestock farming system pattern drawn from developing countries as the green growth approach in order to push agriculture more sustainable in the future.
Abstract: Today, low income countries around the world are promoting sustainable development through sustainable agricultural practices which will help them in addressing socio economic as well as environmental issues simultaneously. Integrated farming systems hold special position as in this system nothing is wasted, the byproduct of one system becomes the ...
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Molecular Characterization of Rabies Virus from Foxes in the Sultanate of Oman
Mohammad Hassan Body,
Mohamed Sayed Ahmed,
Hatim Hassan Eltahir,
Mahir Ghareeb ALmaewaly,
Saif Alhabsi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2018
Pages:
17-20
Received:
10 February 2018
Accepted:
9 March 2018
Published:
8 May 2018
Abstract: Rabies was firstly recorded in Oman in August 1990, when a school boy had been bitten by a fox. Within a year, then the virus was recorded among red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Unlike other developing countries, dog is not the usual agent of rabies transmission in Oman but fox considered the main reservoir (sylvatic transmission). The present study was Carried out to determine the molecular epidemiology of fox rabies virus in Oman. The nucleoprotein (N) genes were amplified from brain of three rabid foxes obtained during (2009-2012). The nucleotide sequences of the genes were subjected to molecular and phylogenic analysis. The phylogenic analysis was performed in relation to Omani foxes isolates and other sequences from the Saudi Arabia (isolated in 1987) available in the GenBank. Results indicated that only one genetic group of fox rabies virus appeared to be circulating in Oman since 1990. The study also showed that the recent isolate (2012) of Omani rabies virus from foxes is closely related (97%) to those viruses isolated from foxes in Saudi Arabia. According to the obtained results, It is clear that since its first diagnosis in 1990 the rabies fox virus has not gone through significant virus variant in Oman, It seems that rabies is maintained endemically in Oman through wild foxes. In conclusion the findings reported here highlight the remarkable genetic stability of rabies virus.
Abstract: Rabies was firstly recorded in Oman in August 1990, when a school boy had been bitten by a fox. Within a year, then the virus was recorded among red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Unlike other developing countries, dog is not the usual agent of rabies transmission in Oman but fox considered the main reservoir (sylvatic transmission). The present study was ...
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