Research Article
Healthcare-associated Bloodstream Infections in the Neonatal Unit of Dalal Jamm National Hospital, Senegal: Epidemiological and Microbiological Characteristics
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, March 2026
Pages:
1-8
Received:
6 December 2025
Accepted:
29 December 2025
Published:
23 January 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajp.20261201.11
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Abstract: Introduction: Healthcare-associated bloodstream infections (HA-BSIs) represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In Senegal, few data exist regarding the incidence, bacterial spectrum, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of HA-BSIs in neonates. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological and microbiological profile of healthcare-associated bloodstream infections in the neonatal unit of Dalal Jamm National Hospital in Senegal. Methods: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study from October 2022 to July 2023 in the neonatal unit of Dalal Jamm National Hospital. All neonates with at least one positive blood culture obtained ≥48 hours after admission were included. Data were extracted from medical records and bacteriology registers and analyzed using R software v4.1.3. Categorical variables were expressed as frequencies, and the time to infection onset was described by the median and interquartile range. Results: Among 288 admitted neonates, 36 cases of HA-BSIs were recorded, yielding a cumulative incidence of 12.5% and an incidence density of 15.5 cases per 1 000 patient-days. The median time to infection was 6 days [IQR 2–13]. Prematurity and low birth weight (< 2 500 g) were observed in 53% of cases. A total of 38 pathogens were isolated, predominantly Gram-negative bacilli (65.8%), mainly Enterobacter cloacae (18.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.8%), and Escherichia coli (13.1%). Gram-positive cocci accounted for 31.6% of isolates, primarily coagulase-negative staphylococci (21%). Among 28 strains tested for resistance, 57% were multidrug-resistant, including 61% ESBL- or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales. The case-fatality rate was 36%. Conclusion: The incidence of healthcare-associated bloodstream infections in the neonatal unit of Dalal Jamm Hospital is high, with a predominance of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Strengthening infection prevention and control programs, rational antibiotic use, and continuous surveillance are urgently needed to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality in resource-limited settings.
Abstract: Introduction: Healthcare-associated bloodstream infections (HA-BSIs) represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In Senegal, few data exist regarding the incidence, bacterial spectrum, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of HA-BSIs in neonates. This...
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Research Article
Assessment of Therapeutic Adherence Among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes at the University Hospital Center of Dakar
Aminata Mbaye*
,
Ndeye Fatou Sow,
Hiba Jeribi,
Guillaye Diagne,
Awa Kane,
Mame Awa Ndao,
Ibrahima Diop,
Maryam Aida Kane,
Amadou Sow,
Djibril Boiro,
Babacar Niang
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, March 2026
Pages:
9-13
Received:
31 December 2025
Accepted:
2 January 2026
Published:
23 January 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajp.20261201.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease that predominantly affects children and adolescents. Its management requires strict adherence to medical recommendations in order to prevent severe acute and chronic complications. However, during adolescence, therapeutic adherence often becomes challenging due to physical, psychological, and social factors specific to this stage of life. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of poor therapeutic adherence among adolescents with T1DM followed in pediatric departments of the University Hospital Center of Dakar and to identify the factors associated with non-adherence. Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive, analytical, and multicenter study conducted over a three-month period (March–April–May 2023) in the pediatric departments of Abass Ndao Hospital Center and Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital in Dakar, Senegal. All patients aged 10 to 18 years with a diagnosis of T1DM for at least three months who attended outpatient consultations during the study period were included. Data were collected at the end of consultations using a pre-established questionnaire. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their caregivers. Therapeutic adherence to insulin was assessed using the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Results: A total of 106 adolescents were included among 219 children who attended consultations during the study period. The sex ratio was 0.66, and the mean age was 14.61 years. According to the Morisky score, low adherence to insulin therapy was observed in 18.87% of patients, while good adherence was found in 27.36%. Overall, the prevalence of poor therapeutic adherence was 61.32%. Several factors were significantly associated with adherence. Full parental supervision was associated with better adherence compared to minimal parental involvement (p = 0.003). A perceived loss of freedom related to treatment and the presence of treatment-related side effects were significantly associated with poor adherence (p = 0.029 and p = 0.003, respectively). Poor adherence was also associated with diabetes diagnosis disclosure by a general practitioner rather than a pediatrician (p = 0.03). Furthermore, poor therapeutic adherence was significantly correlated with poor glycemic control (p = 0.03). Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of considering adolescent-specific factors in the management of type 1 diabetes. Improved understanding of these determinants may contribute to more effective care strategies and better prevention of complications among adolescents living with T1DM.
Abstract: Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease that predominantly affects children and adolescents. Its management requires strict adherence to medical recommendations in order to prevent severe acute and chronic complications. However, during adolescence, therapeutic adherence often becomes challenging due to physical, psycholo...
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