Direct Synthesis of Diethyl Carbonate from CO2 over ZnO@Na3PW12O40 Heterogeneous Material
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 6, December 2019
Pages:
105-109
Received:
4 November 2019
Accepted:
26 November 2019
Published:
4 December 2019
Abstract: At present, the world is facing two major problems: energy crisis and CO2 emission. Diethyl carbonate is an effective gasoline additive which can greatly improve octane number. The route of diethyl carbonate synthesis from CO2 is green and economical technique, which can effectively solve both energy crisis and CO2 emission problems together. However, the design and preparation of catalysts is the core and key to realize the conversion from CO2 to diethyl carbonate. This paper mainly described a novel synthesis of ZnO@Na3PW12O40 heterogeneous material that applied in the direct synthesis of diethyl carbonate from CO2 and ethanol. The special pore and channel structure of Na3PW12O40 was used to maximize the catalytic capacity of ZnO material. The prepared catalysts were fully characterized by means of temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The properties of acid-base sites on the surface of ZnO@Na3PW12O40 were measured by temperature-programmed desorption technique. The catalytic performance over ZnO@Na3PW12O40 heterogeneous material was examined on micro-reactor. The experiment results indicated that synthesized novel ZnO@Na3PW12O40 heterogeneous material had large number of acid-base sites and high catalytic activity. This novel ZnO@Na3PW12O40 catalyst had great ability to realize the effective conversion from CO2 to diethyl carbonate. This technology not only improved the utilization rate of energy materials, but also reduced CO2 emissions.
Abstract: At present, the world is facing two major problems: energy crisis and CO2 emission. Diethyl carbonate is an effective gasoline additive which can greatly improve octane number. The route of diethyl carbonate synthesis from CO2 is green and economical technique, which can effectively solve both energy crisis and CO2 emission problems together. Howev...
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Crystal Structure of Diisopropylammonium Hydrogen Maleate
Dame Seye,
Assane Toure,
Momath Lo,
Cheikh Abdoul Khadir Diop,
Libasse Diop,
David Geiger
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 6, December 2019
Pages:
110-113
Received:
7 January 2020
Accepted:
29 January 2020
Published:
11 February 2020
Abstract: Use of salts and co-crystals of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) as a method for tuning their delivery and activity is an area of growing interest. Modifying API properties such as solubility by finding new salts that employ similar hydrogen-bonding have been successful. In an effort to further study the hydrogen-bonding patterns of the maleate ion with other diisopropylammonium we report here the synthesis and diisopropylammonium maleate. The salt was isolated from reaction between diisopropylamine and maleic acid in methanol. The results of elementary analyzes (CHN) showed the presence of the nitrogen atom of diisopropylamine, carbon atoms and hydrogen. The IR spectrum of diisopropylammonium hydrogen maleate, showed the presence of two intense bands due to the vibrations of symmetricand anti-symmetric valence of the carboxylate group and a wide absorption due to the NH2 groups of the cation. Those which has been confirmed by crystallography. The asymmetric unit contains one diisopropylammonium cation, iPr2NH2+ and one hydrogen maleate anion. In the structure, anions which present an inner O-H…O hydrogen bond are linked to cations through N-H…O hydrogen bonds leading to infinite chains. Chains are connected to their neighbours through weak C-H…O hydrogen bonds affording a layer. The study of the interactions of diisopropylammonium hydrogen menaleate, by the presence of hydrogen bonds leading to supramolecular architectures has shown the possibility of its use in Active Pharmaceutical Ingrédients (API).
Abstract: Use of salts and co-crystals of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) as a method for tuning their delivery and activity is an area of growing interest. Modifying API properties such as solubility by finding new salts that employ similar hydrogen-bonding have been successful. In an effort to further study the hydrogen-bonding patterns of the mal...
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