Research Article
Sentiment Analysis of Learner Feedback in Distance Education in Vietnam Using Machine Learning Models
Issue:
Volume 15, Issue 6, December 2026
Pages:
256-270
Received:
9 October 2026
Accepted:
3 November 2026
Published:
10 November 2026
Abstract: In the context of the rapidly accelerating digital transformation of education, distance learning has become an indispensable part of higher education in Vietnam. To improve teaching quality, educational institutions typically rely on periodic surveys to collect student opinions; however, this approach reflects only the views of a small group at a particular point in time and lags behind reality, whereas discussions and reviews on social media platforms such as Facebook, Threads and TikTok are updated continuously and express learners' opinions objectively. To leverage this resource, the research team collected and constructed the V-LearnerSentiment dataset comprising 6,366 valid observations, filtered and manually annotated from these platforms, to support sentiment analysis and aspect-based sentiment classification. The study compares the performance of traditional machine learning models (Support Vector Machine - SVM, Decision Tree - DT, Random Forest - RF), a deep learning model (Transformer) and large language models (LLMs) based on Accuracy, Precision, Recall and F1-score, using macro and weighted averages to reflect sentiment classification effectiveness under imbalanced data conditions. Experimental results show that Gemini 2.5 achieves the highest Accuracy (86.22%), demonstrating its ability to effectively handle diverse and context-dependent feedback, while the specialized fine-tuned Transformer PhoBERT achieves an Accuracy of 82.6% and better identifies negative feedback belonging to the minority class. In addition to overall sentiment analysis, the team implemented aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) through a two-step procedure: the LDA model was used as a data exploration tool to extract and propose an Aspect Schema consisting of 5 main groups (Tuition & Costs, Degree & Value, Program & Quality, Schedule & Learning Mode, Counseling & Procedures), and a large language model was then employed to extract the context and classify the corresponding sentiment polarity for each aspect, transforming unstructured text data into measurable quantitative indicators. This approach not only enhances the interpretability of the results but also clearly identifies learners' main concerns, thereby providing a practical basis for improving the quality of distance education in Vietnam.
Abstract: In the context of the rapidly accelerating digital transformation of education, distance learning has become an indispensable part of higher education in Vietnam. To improve teaching quality, educational institutions typically rely on periodic surveys to collect student opinions; however, this approach reflects only the views of a small group at a ...
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Research Article
Key Milestones of Vocal Pedagogy Throughout History
Heliana Farah*
Issue:
Volume 15, Issue 6, December 2026
Pages:
271-276
Received:
16 October 2026
Accepted:
27 October 2026
Published:
12 November 2026
Abstract: To understand the present state of any form of technique, aesthetic or art, it is essential to follow in the footsteps of history. That’s also the most solid way to move forward in any field of knowledge. So, the value of revisiting the history of vocal pedagogy lies in analyzing two premises: the vocal aesthetic ideal of each period is more easily traced through its leading authors, and pre-dominantly, since the nineteenth century, teaching methodology has not been explicitly grounded in the pursuit of the prevailing aesthetic ideal of vocal production. Our present state of loss of or misguided reference lies, largely, in the forgetfulness of the field’s history. As stated, since the nineteenth century, each new frame of reference has claimed as its method a physiological technique that would support it. It is therefore necessary to understand how the literature associates the concepts of physiology and aesthetics. Are instructions and observations expressed as right or wrong, good or bad, even healthy or unhealthy, aesthetic or technical? Are they, consciously or not, imbued with a value judgment—that is, with an aesthetic? This is the reason for the present methodology of reviewing the historical literature from its beginnings. Over the span of time just mentioned, vocal pedagogy has tended to concentrate on physiological actions, with an emphasis on synesthetic sensations whose acoustic result is theoretically predictable, rather than on the search for a vocal timbre that approaches the desired aesthetic ideal.
Abstract: To understand the present state of any form of technique, aesthetic or art, it is essential to follow in the footsteps of history. That’s also the most solid way to move forward in any field of knowledge. So, the value of revisiting the history of vocal pedagogy lies in analyzing two premises: the vocal aesthetic ideal of each period is more easily...
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