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Foaming Properties of Soy Protein Isolate Hydrolysates
Luis Alberto Panizzolo,
María Cristina Añón
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2015
Pages:
1-9
Received:
26 November 2014
Accepted:
22 December 2014
Published:
4 January 2015
Abstract: Tensoactive species obtained by papain hydrolysis of soy protein were characterized structurally and physicochemically, and their foam-forming and -stabilizing capacity studied. Protein structural changes upon reaction ending were correlated with functional and interfacial properties and with the behaviour thereof with varying hydrolysis degree. Two different means of halting hydrolysis -pH reduction (pH=2) and quick freezing (-18 ºC), respectively- were studied. Distinct structural changes and associated functional properties were found according to reaction ending conditions. No improvement of foaming properties was found for partially-hydrolyzed isolates subject to freezing at reaction ending - with respect to the starting unhydrolyzed soy protein isolate. In contrast, pH treatment as a means of halting hydrolysis led to a significant enhancement of the foaming properties of soybean protein hydrolysates consistently for all studied hydrolysis degrees (0%, 1.8%, 2.5% and 6%).
Abstract: Tensoactive species obtained by papain hydrolysis of soy protein were characterized structurally and physicochemically, and their foam-forming and -stabilizing capacity studied. Protein structural changes upon reaction ending were correlated with functional and interfacial properties and with the behaviour thereof with varying hydrolysis degree. Tw...
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Iron Deficiency Aneamia is Moderate Public Health Problem among School Going Adolescent Girls in Berahle District, Afar, Northeast Ethiopia
Omer Seid Adem,
Kidane Tadsse,
Aregawi Gebremedhin
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2015
Pages:
10-16
Received:
6 January 2015
Accepted:
25 January 2015
Published:
3 February 2015
Abstract: Introduction: Anemia among reproductive age group women in Ethiopia is moderate public health problem. However, the prevalence of anemia among school going adolescent girls is not well documented yet. Objective: To determine the magnitude of anemia and associated factors among school going adolescent girls in Berahle district, Afar, northeast Ethiopia. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was employed. Multi-stage sampling technique was used: In first stage schools were selected randomly, in the second stage in the selected schools, 338 school going adolescent girls (age 14-19 years old) were selected systematically. Structured questionnaires was used to collect Socio-demographic, socio-economic, dietary pattern and frequency of study participants. After collecting the Blood sample, Hemocue haemoglobin spectrophotometer (Hemocue HB 301 analyzer) was used to analysis hemoglobin concentration. SPSS version16.1 statistical software was used to enter and analysis the data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to test association among dependant and independent variables. For all statistical tests, significance level was set at p-value of 0.05 and confidence interval of 95%. Result: Around one-fourth (22.8%) of school going adolescent girls were anemic. Low Scio Economic States, AOR 2.8 (CI: 1.1, 3.7), not consuming egg AOR 2.4 (CI: 1.3, 4.3), milk consumption AOR 7.2(CI: 2.9, 17.6), not consumption of vegetables AOR 2.5 (CI: 1.3, 4.9) and meat AOR 2.4 (CI: 1.24, 4.67) were the significant causes for aneamia. Conclusion: Anemia among school going adolescent girls was moderate public health problem and Low Scio-economic States, low consumption of egg, meat and other vegetables and high consumption of milk were the significant causes for anemia.
Abstract: Introduction: Anemia among reproductive age group women in Ethiopia is moderate public health problem. However, the prevalence of anemia among school going adolescent girls is not well documented yet. Objective: To determine the magnitude of anemia and associated factors among school going adolescent girls in Berahle district, Afar, northeast Ethio...
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Night Blindness is a Serious Public Health Problem of Pregnant Women’s in Tahtay Koraro District, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia
Omer Seid,
Mache Tsadik,
Nechey Kassa
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2015
Pages:
17-23
Received:
12 December 2014
Accepted:
25 December 2014
Published:
10 February 2015
Abstract: Introduction: Night blindness is significant public health problem among pregnant women in Ethiopia and estimated to be more severe in rural areas. However; there is insufficient information about the magnitude of night blindness among pregnant women’s of rural Ethiopia. The same is true in the study region. Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of night blindness among pregnant Women’s in Tahtay Koraro District, Tigray region, Northern Ethiopia. Methods: Community based cross sectional study design was employed in February 2013 among selected 323 pregnant women’s. Two stage cluster sampling was employed; in the first stage seven kebeles were selected randomly, in the second stage study subjects were selected with considering probability proportional to population size (PPS). A structured and pretested questionnaire was used for data collection based on the objective of the study. The data was entered, cleaned and analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 16. Bivariate & multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors associated with night blindness at confidence limits of 95% and P-value less than 5% significant. Frequencies, proportion, summary statistics were used for presenting the result of the study. Results: out of 323 pregnant women 56 (17%) were suffered from night blindness. Pregnant women’s age beyond 35 years were 4.9 times more likely to be night blinded than those with age less than 25 years [AOR=4.9; 95% CI: (1.6-14.9)]. Pregnant women’s income less than 500 Ethiopian birr per month were 2 times more likely to be night blinded than those who can earn more than that [AOR=2.0; 95% CI:(1.02-3.9)]. Pregnant women’s didn’t have own cattle were 5.6 times more likely to be night blinded than those who have cattle [AOR=5.6; 95% CI: (2.9, 11.0)]. Pregnant women’s with no hand washing practice after toilet were 3 times more likely to be night blinded than having hand washing practice after toilet [AOR=3.0; 95% CI:(1.3 -7.1)]. Conclusion: Night blindness is a serious public health problem of pregnant women’s. Pregnant Women’s age greater than 35 years, not having cattle, no hand washing practice after toilet and income less than 500 Ethiopian birr per month, were significantly affected by night blindness.
Abstract: Introduction: Night blindness is significant public health problem among pregnant women in Ethiopia and estimated to be more severe in rural areas. However; there is insufficient information about the magnitude of night blindness among pregnant women’s of rural Ethiopia. The same is true in the study region. Objective: To assess the prevalence and ...
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Refrigeration Storage Effect on Nutritive Value and Antioxidant Properties of Five Leafy Vegetables Consumed in Northern Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
Patricia D. Oulai,
Lessoy T. Zoué,
Sébastien L. Niamké
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2015
Pages:
24-31
Received:
6 January 2015
Accepted:
1 February 2015
Published:
11 February 2015
Abstract: Storage and processing technologies have been utilized for centuries to prevent post harvest losses of vegetables and to transform them into safe, delicious and stable products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of refrigeration storage (4°C) on the nutritional value of five leafy vegetables (Hibiscus sabdariffa, Amaranthus hybridus, Andasonia digitata, Vigna unguiculata and Ceiba patendra) that are consumed in Northern Côte d'Ivoire. The selected samples were subjected to storage at 4 °C for 5, 10 and 15 days and the physicochemical properties were determined using standard methods. Fresh selected samples were used as the control. The result of the study revealed that increased storage time affected the nutritional value of the selected leafy vegetables. The registered losses at 15 days of refrigeration storage were as follow: ash (2.41- 9.70%), proteins (5.66- 18.97%), vitamin C (11.43- 41.29%), carotenoids (25.44- 41.29%), oxalates (12.43- 14.55%), phytates (35.03- 44.10%). It was observed an increase (0.17- 2.41%) in total phenolic content during storage. In addition, a small increase (0.88- 2.66%) of fibres content was also observed in the studied leafy vegetables stored under refrigeration at 4°C. Furthermore, after 15 days of storage at 4°C the residual contents of minerals were: calcium (308.30- 858.75mg/100g). Magnesium (213.64- 610.14 mg/100g), potassium (565.32-1844.08 mg/100g), iron (49.29- 160.53 mg/100g) and zinc (17.95- 34.06 mg/100g). The result of the present study suggests that vegetables should be stored in cold storage for a short time (less to five days) in order to avoid loss of essential nutrients.
Abstract: Storage and processing technologies have been utilized for centuries to prevent post harvest losses of vegetables and to transform them into safe, delicious and stable products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of refrigeration storage (4°C) on the nutritional value of five leafy vegetables (Hibiscus sabdariffa, Amaranthus hybridus,...
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The Effect of Different Levels of Coriander Oral Administration on Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats
Rasha H. Hasan,
Nehal M. Belal
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2015
Pages:
32-38
Received:
18 January 2015
Accepted:
30 January 2015
Published:
15 February 2015
Abstract: Background: Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is grown as a spice crop all over the world. A few articles have linked the consumption of coriander to certain liver diseases but several articles have disputed these assertions and the consumption of coriander has been on the increase. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of oral administration of coriander on hepatocellular carcinoma in rats in order to compare biochemical findings with histological findings. Materials and Methods: Forty male and female albino rats were grouped into 5, consisting of 8 rats in each group. Group (1) was fed on the basal diet and tab water as a negative control group, while the other groups were fed on basal diet and injected with C. Diethyl Nitrosamine (DEN) to induce hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Group (2) was left as a positive control, while groups (3), (4), and (5) were fed on experimental diets and oral administration of 1 g, 3 g, and 6 g of the Coriander, respectively, for 6 weeks.Their blood samples were analyzed for total and conjugated bilirubin, total protein, albumin, globulin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. The liver tissues were also processed for histological examination. Results: Examination of livers obtained from hepatocarcinogenesis rats in high concentration extract of coriander (6g) group revealed the best results compared with the other treatment groups in hepatic lobules. Conclusion:This study suggests that oral administration of coriander seed in high levels concentration extract for 6 weeks may be beneficial for patients suffering from hepatocarcinogenesis and liver disease as it improves liver function.
Abstract: Background: Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is grown as a spice crop all over the world. A few articles have linked the consumption of coriander to certain liver diseases but several articles have disputed these assertions and the consumption of coriander has been on the increase. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of oral admin...
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Formulation, Nutritive Value Assessment and Effect on Weight Gain of Infant Formulae Prepared from Locally Available Materials
Johnson Joel Theophilus,
Atule Rebecca Ashi,
Gbashi Sefater,
Ogbolosingha Atieme Joseph
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2015
Pages:
39-46
Received:
28 January 2015
Accepted:
2 February 2015
Published:
15 February 2015
Abstract: The widespread problem of infant malnutrition in developing countries has stirred efforts in research, development and extension by both local and international organizations. As a result, the formulation and development of nutritious weaning foods from local and readily available raw materials, which are cost effective has become imperative in many developing countries. Thus, the local and readily available raw materials were used to compound and develop nutritious new infant formulae. The materials used for this study include maize, millet, cowpea, pumpkin, fingerlings and fish bone. The materials were dried and blended to powder. The powders were weighed in the ratio of 4:4:4:3:1:1 respectively and were then mixed properly. Analysis of nutritive value was performed on the formulae and compared with NAN-2 (control) and results revealed that the formulae had reasonable amount of moisture, lipids, carbohydrate, protein and fibre. Although NAN-2 was superior in carbohydrate and protein, our infant formula was higher in mineral elements, vitamins, fibre and lipids. All the essentials vitamins and both macro and micro minerals were found in appreciable quantity capable of meeting the biochemical and physiological demand of the body while the anti-nutrients composition were significantly (p<0.05) below FAO and WHO safe limits. Finally, the compounded infant formulae was feed to a set of albino wistar rats, while some other set of rats was feed with NAN-2 for the period of twenty seven (27) days and body weight gains were measure at three days intervals. The results of body weight changes was spectacular as their body weight over shot or almost double that of those animals that were feed with NAN-2 at each point of measurement. The results suggest that the widespread problem of infant malnutrition in the developing world especially among the low income segment of the society can now be reduced, if not totally eradicated since nutritive and cost effective weaning formulae can be prepared locally from common readily available materials.
Abstract: The widespread problem of infant malnutrition in developing countries has stirred efforts in research, development and extension by both local and international organizations. As a result, the formulation and development of nutritious weaning foods from local and readily available raw materials, which are cost effective has become imperative in man...
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