Resistant Protein Promotes Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Secretion by Controlling the Cecal Fermentation in Rats Fed High Amylose Corn Starch
Ryoko Shimada,
Junichi Matsumoto,
Mikiharu Doi,
Kiyoshi Ebihara
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 6, November 2019
Pages:
79-86
Received:
8 October 2019
Accepted:
25 October 2019
Published:
31 October 2019
Abstract: It was examined whether undigested protein, namely resistant protein, affects glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion in rats fed high amylose corn starch (HACS). Rats were fed one of three experimental diets for 28 d: casein without HACS, casein with HACS or dashigara with HACS. Dashigara is produced from Katsuobushi (smoke-dried skipjack tuna) treated with microbial protease. The apparent digestibilities of casein and dashigara are 96.0% and 84.5%, respectively. The amount of rat cecal butyric acid and propionic acid were as follows: the dashigara with HACS group > the casein with HACS group > the casein without HACS group. The dashigara with HACS group had significantly greater cecal butyric acid and lower cecal succinic acid than the casein with HACS group. The GLP-1 concentration in portal vein blood increased as the amount of butyric acid and propionic acid in the cecal contents increased. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments showed that the composition of cecal microbiota differed among the three groups. These results suggest that resistant protein contained in dashigara promotes GLP-1 secretion by controlling fermentation efficiency as well as the fermentation profile of HACS through the changes in cecal microbiota in rats fed HACS.
Abstract: It was examined whether undigested protein, namely resistant protein, affects glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion in rats fed high amylose corn starch (HACS). Rats were fed one of three experimental diets for 28 d: casein without HACS, casein with HACS or dashigara with HACS. Dashigara is produced from Katsuobushi (smoke-dried skipjack tuna) ...
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Effects of Long Term Storage Factors on Nutritional Value of Conserved Barley Accessions in Ethiopia
Asnakech Senbeta,
Dejene Dida
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 6, November 2019
Pages:
87-95
Received:
23 August 2019
Accepted:
22 October 2019
Published:
8 November 2019
Abstract: Ethiopia is one of the world centers of genetic diversity and origin of barley crop. Now a day the country is conserve many cereal crops under cold room storage, gene bank. One of the conserved crops is barley. Barley is the cereal crop, that mainly grown in the central highland of Ethiopia. The samples of 45 barley accessions were used for the current analysis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of long term storage factors on nutritional value of barley that tested in 1993 and compare the results with nutritional value of barley that tested after 25 years (2018). Sample preparation and nutritional values were determined by using appropriate standard official procedures, AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). Descriptive graphs and paired t-test were used to analyze the data obtained on nutritional values of barley crop from two test years. The nutritional value of barley crop after 25 years of storage time was decreased as compared with its nutritional value tested in 1993, except total carbohydrate. As a result, the study found statistically significant difference of average percentage content of crude protein, total mineral ash, moisture and total carbohydrate between 1993 and after 25 years of storage time. The current study concluded that, when the storage time increases, the nutritional values of barley crop were significantly decreased for all nutritional values except crude fat content and total carbohydrate.
Abstract: Ethiopia is one of the world centers of genetic diversity and origin of barley crop. Now a day the country is conserve many cereal crops under cold room storage, gene bank. One of the conserved crops is barley. Barley is the cereal crop, that mainly grown in the central highland of Ethiopia. The samples of 45 barley accessions were used for the cur...
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Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 0-23 Months in Assayita District Afar Region Ethiopia
Molla Kahssay,
Edris Ebrahim,
Oumer Seid,
Etsay Woldu,
Surender Reddy
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 6, November 2019
Pages:
96-104
Received:
9 August 2019
Accepted:
24 October 2019
Published:
26 November 2019
Abstract: Achieving optimum Infant and young child feeding practices is the major challenge in developed and developing countries. Globally, about 40% of under two years age deaths are attributed to inappropriate infant and young child feeding practices. In Ethiopia, a wide range of inappropriate infant and young child feeding practices were documented. The study was aimed to assess infant and young child feeding practice and its associated factors among children aged 0-23 months in Assayita districts, Afar region, Ethiopia, 2018. A Community based cross-sectional study was applied from January1-30/2018 among 620 study participants. A pre tested structured questioner was used to collect data. After data get collected it was cleaned and entered using EPI-Data version-3.02 and exported to SPSS version-20 for further analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to measure the strength of association between explanatory variables and outcome variable. Variables with p<0.25 on univariable logistic regression analysis were candidates for multivariable logistic regression analysis and statistical significance was declared at P-value <0.05 and 95% CI. In this study the prevalence of appropriate infant and young child feeding practice was 9.2% (95% CI. 7.1–11.6), children from mothers with secondary education (AOR=4.44, 95% CI (1.84, 10.7), delivered at health facilities (AOR=2.55, 95% CI (1.32, 4.93), had Ante Natal Care follow-up (AOR=4.2, 95% CI (2.2, 8.7), and heard information about Infant and young child feeding (AOR=4.38, 95% CI (1.97, 9.5) were predictors of appropriate Infant and young child feeding practice at 95% CI. Promoting institutional delivery, promoting Ante Natal Care service, maternal education and increasing awareness on infant and young child feeding practice should be implemented.
Abstract: Achieving optimum Infant and young child feeding practices is the major challenge in developed and developing countries. Globally, about 40% of under two years age deaths are attributed to inappropriate infant and young child feeding practices. In Ethiopia, a wide range of inappropriate infant and young child feeding practices were documented. The ...
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