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Valuing the Antigenicity of Sheep Milk Proteins after Fermentation at 40ºC
M. Missouri,
A. Chekroun,
S. Belalia,
H. Mahdjoub Bessam,
O. Kheroua
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
84-89
Received:
5 March 2015
Accepted:
22 March 2015
Published:
3 April 2015
Abstract: The main objective of this work is to show a fermentation influence by some associations of two lactic acid bacteria and three bifidobacteria on proteolysis and the antigenicity of sheep milk proteins. This latter freshly collected is skimmed, sterilized and inoculated by a mixed culture. The mixture is homogenized and incubated at 40°C until it is a curd. On these fermented milks previously lyophilized, were measured the rate of lactic acid product, bacterial counts, the rate of total protein, α-NH2 functions and the antigenicity of three proteins (β-Lg, α-La and SA). The obtained averages are compared with the "t" test of Student compared to sterile milk without ferment taken as control. The best proteolysis is achieved in the fermented milk by Streptococcus thermophilus (St) associated with Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) with a high antigenic potential of β-Lg and the α-La probably due to the detection of unmasked antigenic sites.
Abstract: The main objective of this work is to show a fermentation influence by some associations of two lactic acid bacteria and three bifidobacteria on proteolysis and the antigenicity of sheep milk proteins. This latter freshly collected is skimmed, sterilized and inoculated by a mixed culture. The mixture is homogenized and incubated at 40°C until it is...
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Quality Evaluation of Enzyme Liquefied Papaya Juice Concentrate (PJC) Stored at Various Temperatures
B. V. Vishal,
A. S. Chauhan,
M. N. Rekha,
P. S. Negi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
90-97
Received:
19 March 2015
Accepted:
26 March 2015
Published:
3 April 2015
Abstract: This paper aims to study the effect of storage on enzyme liquefied papaya juice concentrate. Papaya pulp was liquefied using pectinase enzyme for juice extraction. The enzyme liquefied juice was subjected to concentration process by adopting Single Effect Tubular Evaporator (SETE) at 50°C with 24 inches vacuum. The Papaya Juice Concentrate (PJC), 68°brix was packed in high density polyethylene (HDPE) jars (200 g capacity) by leaving one inch head space and packed PJC jars were stored at various temperatures such as room temperature (RT, 29±1°C), low temperature (LT, 4°C) and frozen storage temperature (FT, -18°C). The PJC samples were analyzed for physicochemical characteristics and microbial load at 15 days intervals using methods reported in the literature. During storage, the PJC samples stored at RT showed significant increase in L, a and b values and browning as compared to LT and FT, while slight change in carotenoid content was observed. At the end of one month storage, the microbial counts (colony-forming unit/g) like total plate counts, yeast and molds counts and Staphylococcus counts in the PJC samples were low and Escherichia coli was absent. The study showed that enzymatic liquefaction can be used for better juice extraction from papaya and PJC prepared from this juice was physicochemically and microbiologically stable at various temperatures for one month.
Abstract: This paper aims to study the effect of storage on enzyme liquefied papaya juice concentrate. Papaya pulp was liquefied using pectinase enzyme for juice extraction. The enzyme liquefied juice was subjected to concentration process by adopting Single Effect Tubular Evaporator (SETE) at 50°C with 24 inches vacuum. The Papaya Juice Concentrate (PJC), 6...
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Nutritional Intervention- The Impact on Vitamins and Minerals Intake to Overweight and Obese Patients
Mihaela Posea,
Andreea Dragomir,
Emilia Rusu,
Raluca Nan,
Ramona Dragut,
Florentina Radu,
Ileana Teodoru,
Gabriela Radulian
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
98-102
Received:
19 March 2015
Accepted:
31 March 2015
Published:
9 April 2015
Abstract: Background and Aims- To evaluate the impact of nutritional intervention on vitamins and minerals from intake food and anthropometric parameters at overweight and obese patients. Material and methods- To a sample of 40 overweight and obese patients we evaluated the nutritional content of food intake (kilocalories, macro and micronutrients) before and after a low caloric diet. We also measured anthropometric parameters like weight, body mass index, body fat, percent of body fat, abdominal circumference and arterial tension. Results- After the nutritional intervention, overweight and obese patients had significantly lower level of intake carbohydrates (P=.018), lipids (P=.002), B1 vitamin (P<.001), B3 vitamin (P=.02) and E vitamin (P=.016). There is a significantly increased level of proteins (P<.001). Regarding the minerals, we found that the intake levels of following‘s decreased: sodium (P<.001), magnesium (P=.006), zinc (P=.035), copper (P=.002), manganese (P<.001). Phosphorus is the only mineral of which the intake level increased significantly (P<.001). All the anthropometric parameters decreased significantly: weight (P<.001), body mass index (P<.001), body fat (P<.001), percent of body fat (P<.001), abdominal circumference (P<0.001), systolic arterial tension (P<.001), diastolic arterial tension (P=.002). Conclusions- All our overweight and obese patients had imbalanced intake of vitamins and minerals both before and after intervention. There is a significant improved on anthropometric measures after nutritional intervention. We need to pay more attention to food quality and quantity during low caloric diet, thus to assure the recommended daily intake for vitamins and minerals.
Abstract: Background and Aims- To evaluate the impact of nutritional intervention on vitamins and minerals from intake food and anthropometric parameters at overweight and obese patients. Material and methods- To a sample of 40 overweight and obese patients we evaluated the nutritional content of food intake (kilocalories, macro and micronutrients) before an...
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The Effect of Portulaca Oleracea Seeds on Anthropometric Measurements in Asthmatic Patients with Overweight and Obesity
Seyyedeh Zahra Hosseini,
Beitollah Alipour,
khalil Ansarin,
Akbar Sharifi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
103-107
Received:
31 December 2014
Accepted:
10 April 2015
Published:
21 April 2015
Abstract: Background and Objective: Many studies show that there is a relationship between asthma and obesity. Weight management is important in patients with asthma. In some countries, people used Portulaca oleracea seeds for lose weight. The experiment is designed to study the effect of Portulaca oleracea seeds on anthropometric measurements in asthmatic patients with overweight and obesity. Material and method: In a randomized clinical trial, 37 patients with asthma disease that refer to clinics of Tabriz University of medical sciences divided to intervention and control groups. First group (n=18) received protocol treatment and 10g/day Portulaca oleracea seeds in two doses with two glasses of water, while participants in second group (n=19) had only their protocol treatment and drank two glasses of water in every day for 8weeks. At the baseline and end of study, anthropometric measurements were obtained for each person and dietary intake and physical activity questionnaires were completed. Results: Mean age and history of asthma for participants at baseline was 45.13 ± 9.2 and 9.9 ± 8.1 years, respectively. Comparing of anthropometric measurements including weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) between two groups indicated any significant differences between two groups after consumption of seeds (p>0.05). Conclusion: Administration of Portulaca oleracea seeds could not decrease anthropometric measurements in asthmatic patients with overweight and obesity.
Abstract: Background and Objective: Many studies show that there is a relationship between asthma and obesity. Weight management is important in patients with asthma. In some countries, people used Portulaca oleracea seeds for lose weight. The experiment is designed to study the effect of Portulaca oleracea seeds on anthropometric measurements in asthmatic p...
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Formulated Nutri-Dense Burfi and Its Physico-Chemical Components
Charis Kharkongor Ripnar,
Umadevi S. Hiremath,
Anitha S.
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
108-113
Received:
8 December 2014
Accepted:
30 December 2014
Published:
6 May 2015
Abstract: Micronutrient deficiency has profound effects on physical and mental development eroding the quality of human resources. Micronutrient deficiency can lead to potentially harmful infections. Hence a study was done to combine the food groups to reduce the micronutrient deficiency. Purpose of the study was to formulate the nutri-dense burfi and assess the physico-chemical components of formulated nutri-dense burfi. Ingredients were procured from the local market. They were cleaned, peeled and washed. Weights were recorded, grated/ sliced, blanched and kept for dehydration. The dehydrated ingredients were ground, packed and sealed. Burfis were prepared using standard procedures. Results revealed that, the length of the burfi products ranged from 4cm to 5cm whereas the width measurement maintained at 3.5cm and thickness ranged from 0.5cm to 1cm.The chemical components of protein, fat, carbohydrate, beta-carotene in the incorporated products were higher as compared to the control products.
Abstract: Micronutrient deficiency has profound effects on physical and mental development eroding the quality of human resources. Micronutrient deficiency can lead to potentially harmful infections. Hence a study was done to combine the food groups to reduce the micronutrient deficiency. Purpose of the study was to formulate the nutri-dense burfi and assess...
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Nutritional and Phytochemical Profile of Niger Cultivated Date Palm (Phoenix Dactilyfera L)
Sarah Olufunso Oni,
Abiola Muhammad Adeosun,
Olusola Abiola Ladokun,
Osasenaga Macdonald Ighodaro,
Omotayo Moshood Oyedele
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
114-118
Received:
25 March 2015
Accepted:
12 April 2015
Published:
9 May 2015
Abstract: The chemical constituents available in plants have been reported to vary with the geographical location of the plants. This investigation assessed the nutritional and phytochemical profile of Niger date palm (Khaokhara) fruit and sought to determine any uniqueness of Niger cultivate Date palm relative to Date palms cultivated in other regions. Standard procedures as described by AOAC were employed in the analyses. The moisture, crude protein and fat contents were determined to be 13.40, 2.67 and 0.70 g/100g respectively while the dietary fibre, ash, and carbohydrate values were respectively estimated as 2.13, 3.29 and 76.95 g/100g. The antioxidant vitamins present in the fruit were also evaluated; ascorbic acid (0.5mg/100g), carotenoid (15.5µg/100g) and Tocopherol (0.00mg/100g). Phytochemical screening of the fruit showed that it contained alkaloids (1.59g/100g), anthraxquinones (0.17g/100g), flavonoids (3.36g/100g), tannins (0.69g/100g), saponins (1.37 x 10-3g/100g) and terpenoids (1.97 x 10-3 g/100g). Other phytochemicals that were detected but not quantified are phlobatanins and steroids. This fruit is very rich in potassium (360.79 mg/100g) and contains appreciable amount of calcium and phosphorus (37.45 and 27.30 g/100g respectively). Overall, the data obtained from this investigation did not show much difference between Niger Date palm fruit and other previously studied cultivars vis-a-vis phytochemical and nutritional compositions.
Abstract: The chemical constituents available in plants have been reported to vary with the geographical location of the plants. This investigation assessed the nutritional and phytochemical profile of Niger date palm (Khaokhara) fruit and sought to determine any uniqueness of Niger cultivate Date palm relative to Date palms cultivated in other regions. Stan...
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Physical and Textural Attributes of Freeze-Dried Genetically Modified and Non-Genetically Modified Soy Beans
Srinivas Rayaprolu,
Navam Hettiarachchy,
Mohammed Aldoury,
Sungeun Cho,
David Moseley,
Pengyin Chen
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
119-125
Received:
16 October 2014
Accepted:
23 October 2014
Published:
12 May 2015
Abstract: Freeze-dried soybean snack foods are innovative and engage the nutritious whole soybean seeds in human diet. The freeze-dried soybeans provide high quality protein, cholesterol-free low percentage of saturated fats, minerals, and vitamins. Our research evaluated the quality of freeze-dried soybean seed products by testing their physical and textural properties. Seeds of six soybeans: R08-4004, R05-4969, R95-1705, Osage (4 non-genetically modified varieties), JYC-2 and UA Kirksey (2 genetically modified varieties) were cooked to prepare the freeze dried product. The physical characteristics such as color, water activity, water absorption efficiency, and textural characteristics including hardness and crunchiness were evaluated. The freeze-dried seeds showed significantly enhanced color and textural characteristics while maintaining crunchiness in the product along with low water activity. The water absorption efficiency increased with an increase in seed tissue integrity. The large sized seeds of genetically modified variety, JYC-2 (edamame or vegetable soybean) with high protein (42%), were found to be best suited for preparing the snack or breakfast cereal. This study showed that freeze-drying the soybean seeds maintains the quality attributes and appeal after processing. The Acoustic Envelop Detector technique for measuring textural qualities demonstrated significant potential for comprehensive results and greater application in testing similar food products. Our findings suggest a higher prospective for the freeze-dried soybeans as snack food or breakfast cereal with an impending commercial value.
Abstract: Freeze-dried soybean snack foods are innovative and engage the nutritious whole soybean seeds in human diet. The freeze-dried soybeans provide high quality protein, cholesterol-free low percentage of saturated fats, minerals, and vitamins. Our research evaluated the quality of freeze-dried soybean seed products by testing their physical and textura...
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Nutritional Awareness and Status of Adolescent Girls Studying in Schools of Urban and Rural Areas of District Kurukshetra
Gurpreet Arora,
G. K. Kochar,
Gunjan Soni
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
126-130
Received:
17 September 2014
Accepted:
7 November 2014
Published:
15 May 2015
Abstract: Adolescent constitute about 20% of the total population, during this period they experiment for their adult identity and transition from dependence to independence. This leads to development of feeling of awkwardness and development of malnutrition among them. The malnutrition during this period affects their later life i.e., adulthood and old age. Keeping this in view, present study has been conducted on them with the objective to assess their level of nutritional awareness as well as eating habits and nutritional status. For the purpose of study, total 970 adolescent girls, 500 from urban and 470 from rural area were randomly selected from different Government schools situated in urban and rural areas of district Kurukshetra. Questionnaire cum interview schedule techniques were adopted for collecting the data related to family background and dietary pattern as well as of nutritional knowledge. Out of 970 female adolescent subjects, majority (65.46%) of them were living in nuclear families followed by joint (34.53%). The maximum subjects belonging to nuclear families were from urban area (71.2%) as compared to rural area (59.36%) but maximum number of joint families belonged to rural (40.63%). About 89 % of adolescent girls were belonging to Hindu community. Sikh and Muslim girls constituted only 0.1% and 0.01% respectively. Regarding ordinal position maximum subjects of both urban and rural area had ordinal position first. The educational status of both mothers and fathers of the subjects were very low. Educated fathers of the respondents who were graduated were only 6.8% and mothers 1.2%. fathers of most of the subjects were involved in agricultural activities( 58.64%) and doing government jobs were only 0.84%. mother of most of the respondents were housewife 85.89%. maximum subjects of both rural and urban area were vegetarians and trend of taking lunch was very poor. Only 8.45% girls used to take the packed lunch. Pocket money used for eatable purposes at school was between the ranges of one to five rupees 68.15%. 55% girls purchased eatables sometimes and 24.2% never purchased any eatables. The money used to purchase and consume the eatables in the school was samosa and patties. Adolescent subjects belonging to urban area had better knowledge than subjects belonging to rural area. Regarding height and weight and body mass index, measurement of height and weight and calculation of BMI showed that about 81% were underweight and 1.8% was approaching towards obesity.
Abstract: Adolescent constitute about 20% of the total population, during this period they experiment for their adult identity and transition from dependence to independence. This leads to development of feeling of awkwardness and development of malnutrition among them. The malnutrition during this period affects their later life i.e., adulthood and old age....
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Sensory Performance, Proximate and Antioxidant Activity of Tea from Composite Formulation of Cymbopogon citratus, Lippia multiflora and Ganoderma lucidum
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
131-138
Received:
2 May 2015
Accepted:
15 May 2015
Published:
26 May 2015
Abstract: Commercially produced herbal green teas consumed in Ghana are mostly those imported into the country. However, there are many plants such as “Srenunum” (Lippia multiflora) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), that are used by Ghanaians to brew herbal tea. The objectives of this study were to develop a tea product from the aforementioned herbs and “reishi” (Ganoderma lucidum), a medicinal mushroom. Three formulations (A, B and C) were produced according to the respective percentages (50:30:20, 30:20:50 and 20:50:30 for G. lucidum: L. multiflora: C. citratus). Formulation A came out as the most liked tea through an affective test (7 point hedonic scale) which was then compared to a known control (Lipton-yellow label) by chemical, proximate, antioxidant activity determination and sensory evaluation. The two tea samples (Tea A and Lipton) differed significantly with respect to aroma, colour, after taste and overall acceptability (p < 0.05). Tea A had significantly higher values for proteins, crude fibre and ash contents than Lipton in terms of their proximate compositions whereas Lipton contained higher levels of moisture and lipids (P< 0.05). For increasing concentrations of tea samples (10, 15, 20, 30, 50 µL) used in antioxidant activity determination, tea A recorded between 59.07 and 88.91mgTE/g, significantly higher than for Lipton (between 22.81 and 34.45mgTE/g) (P < 0.05). Given the high performance of Tea A, G. lucidum, L. multiflora and C. citratus can be successfully used to produce tea of equally good quality to encourage local consumption of indigenous herbs as well as reduce tea imports.
Abstract: Commercially produced herbal green teas consumed in Ghana are mostly those imported into the country. However, there are many plants such as “Srenunum” (Lippia multiflora) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), that are used by Ghanaians to brew herbal tea. The objectives of this study were to develop a tea product from the aforementioned herbs and ...
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